Alcohol Consumption and Its Effects

These flashcards cover key concepts regarding alcohol consumption, its effects on health, and the treatment of alcohol use disorder.

What is the caloric content of alcohol per gram?

7 calories per gram.

What is the primary organ responsible for detoxifying alcohol?

The liver.

What is the legal blood alcohol content limit for intoxication in most of the United States?

0.08.

What is the term for the process by which alcoholic beverages are made?

Fermentation.

What are the two enzymes involved in alcohol metabolism?

Alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase.

What physiological effect does moderate alcohol consumption have on blood pressure?

It can decrease blood pressure.

What is the condition where excessive drinking can lead to liver damage and replacement of liver cells with cartilage?

Cirrhosis.

What does the term 'binge drinking' refer to?

Drinking to get drunk, typically four or five drinks in one sitting.

What is fetal alcohol syndrome?

A condition resulting from alcohol consumption during pregnancy, leading to developmental issues in the fetus.

What is the recommended maximum alcohol consumption for women and men in moderation?

One drink per day for women and two drinks per day for men.

How is blood alcohol concentration impacted by gender?

Women are generally more affected due to having a smaller body size and a higher percentage of body fat.

What happens to excess alcohol in the body?

It is not stored and must be detoxified, becoming the body’s priority.

What are some effects of excessive alcohol consumption?

Heart damage, increased cancer risk, and malnutrition.

What is Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?

A condition associated with thiamine deficiency due to chronic alcohol consumption, leading to memory loss and coordination issues.

What is recommandation after being treated for alcoholism?

Total abstinence from alcohol.

What medication can help decrease cravings for alcohol?

Revia.

What does the word 'proof' refer to in relation to alcohol?

It is twice the percentage of alcohol in a beverage.

How long does it typically take for the body to metabolize one standard drink?

About one to two hours.

What are some signs of alcohol poisoning?

Irregular breathing, unconsciousness, and vomiting.

What does the term 'malnutrition' refer to in the context of alcohol use disorder?

Poor nutritional intake due to reliance on alcohol over nutrient-rich foods.

What is a common risk for individuals with alcohol use disorder in terms of dietary deficiencies?

Water soluble vitamins deficiency, including thiamine.

What does the term 'alcohol use disorder' imply?

Chronic excessive consumption of alcohol leading to various physical and psychological issues.

What psychological factors can contribute to alcohol use disorder?

Past trauma, mental health issues, and stress can drive excessive alcohol use.

What is an important consideration if someone is showing signs of alcohol poisoning?

They should be rolled onto their side and 911 should be called.

What does 'Antabuse' do in the treatment of alcoholism?

It blocks the breakdown of alcohol, causing adverse effects if alcohol is consumed.