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New Federalism
Nixon's policy to shift more power and resources from the federal government to state and local governments.
Nixon Doctrine
A foreign policy principle that stated the U.S. would assist allies with military and economic aid but would not send American troops to fight in their wars.
Southern Strategy
Nixon's campaign strategy that aimed to gain the support of southern whites by appealing to their conservative values.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
A federal agency established by Nixon in 1970 to enforce environmental regulations and ensure clean air and water.
End of the Gold Standard
Nixon's decision in 1971 to suspend the convertibility of the dollar to gold, effectively ending the Bretton Woods system.
Wage and Price Controls
Nixon's controversial policy implemented in the early 1970s to combat inflation by controlling wages and prices throughout the economy.
Pentagon Papers
A secret Department of Defense study of the United States political and military involvement in Vietnam, which leaked in 1971, revealing that the government had misled the public.
Hush Money
Payments made to silence individuals involved in the Watergate scandal, which led to further investigations and Nixon's eventual resignation.
Resignation
Nixon's decision to resign from the presidency on August 8, 1974, in the wake of the Watergate scandal.
Executive Privilege
The principle that allows the president to withhold information from Congress and the courts, which Nixon invoked during the Watergate investigations.
Gerald Ford
Nixon's vice president who succeeded him after his resignation and granted Nixon a presidential pardon.
Stagflation
An economic condition characterized by stagnant economic growth, high unemployment, and high inflation, which occurred during Nixon's presidency.
Détente with China
Nixon's policy of improving relations with China, highlighted by his historic visit to the country in 1972.
Affirmative Action
Policies designed to improve opportunities for historically marginalized groups, which gained prominence during Nixon's administration.
The Great Silent Majority
A term Nixon used in a speech to appeal to Americans who he believed supported his policies but did not openly express their opinions.
Nixon Shock
A series of economic measures enacted by Richard Nixon. It suspended the gold standard and implemented wage and price controls to combat inflation. It was responsible for stagflation in the 1970s.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
A government agency established in 1970 to ensure safe and healthy working conditions by setting and enforcing standards.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
A scientific agency within the United States Department of Commerce focused on the conditions of the oceans, major waterways, and the atmosphere.
Noise Control Act of 1972
A law aimed at regulating noise pollution and establishing federal standards to protect public health and welfare from excessive noise.
Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972
A federal law that prohibits the taking of marine mammals in U.S. waters and by U.S. citizens on the high seas, aiming to protect and conserve marine mammal populations.
Endangered Species Act of 1973
A law designed to protect and recover imperiled species and their ecosystems.
Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974
A federal law that aims to protect public health by regulating the nation's public drinking water supply, setting standards for water quality and ensuring safe drinking water for all Americans. It also allows the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to set and enforce drinking water standards.
