part 2 (1800s)

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31 Terms

1
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What year did German and Italian unification culminate?

1871

2
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Who was the leader associated with German unification?

Otto von Bismarck

3
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What was the strategy used by Bismarck in German unification?

Realpolitik

4
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What war was a key conflict leading to German unification?

Franco-Prussian War

5
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Who were the key figures in Italian unification?

Giuseppe Garibaldi and Count Camillo de Cavour

6
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In which country did the Industrial Revolution begin?

Britain

7
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What caused the population boom during the Industrial Revolution?

New farm technology leading to cheaper food.

8
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What resources were significant to Britain's Industrial Revolution?

Iron and coal.

9
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What were two key inventions of the Industrial Revolution?

Spinning Jenny and Steam Engine.

10
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What significant societal change occurred for women during the Industrial Revolution?

Women entered the workforce in factories.

11
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What environmental issue arose in cities during the Industrial Revolution?

Overcrowding and disease.

12
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What did workers begin to form during the Industrial Revolution?

Labor unions.

13
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What economic system is characterized by laissez-faire economics?

Capitalism.

14
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What is the core ownership principle of capitalism?

Private ownership of the means of production.

15
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Who is the founder of communism?

Karl Marx.

16
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What is the core idea of communism?

Class struggle between bourgeoisie and proletariat.

17
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What is the predicted outcome of communism according to Karl Marx?

Proletarian revolution and equal sharing of wealth.

18
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What does imperialism entail?

One country controlling another politically and economically.

19
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What was the 'Scramble for Africa'?

European powers dividing Africa at the Berlin Conference.

20
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What raw materials were sought during New Imperialism?

Coal, iron, diamonds, rubber.

21
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What concept justified imperialism through perceived racial superiority?

Social Darwinism.

22
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What is 'The White Man's Burden'?

The belief that Europeans had to spread their culture to colonized peoples.

23
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Which country colonized India?

Britain.

24
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What resources did Britain seek in India?

Cotton, tea, and opium.

25
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What was the major resistance movement in India against British rule?

Sepoy Rebellion.

26
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What conflicts did China face during the period of imperialism?

Opium Wars.

27
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What were the outcomes of the Opium Wars for China?

Unequal treaties and spheres of influence.

28
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What was the Boxer Rebellion in China?

A resistance movement against foreign influence.

29
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How was Japan opened to the world in 1854?

By the United States with the Treaty of Kanagawa.

30
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What was the Meiji Restoration?

A period of rapid westernization, modernization, and industrialization in Japan.

31
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What did Japan become by the early 20th century?

An imperial power.