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Obtaining minerals
Minerals are found in the soil.
They are pumped into plant cells via active transport.
This process is energy intense, so root hair cells have lots of mitochondria.
Nitrates
Nitrates are a source of nitrogen.
They are used to synthesize proteins, which are the building blocks of protein.
Nitrates are used to make: enzymes, hormones, and DNA.
Nitrate deficiency
Leaves begin to yellow and die.
Growth of the plant is stunted.
Magnesium
Magnesium ions are required to produce chlorophyll.
Magnesium deficiency
Leaves begin to yellow.
Growth of the plant will slow.
Potassium
Potassium ions construct certain respiratory and photosynthetic enzymes.
Without potassium, not enough ATP is produced.
Potassium deficiency
Leaves begin to yellow, with dead spots.
Phosphates
Phosphate ions are a good source of phosphorous.
Phosphorous is required for the production of ATP and ADP. These compounds are important for metabolic processes.
Phosphorous is used in the construction of nuclei acids.
Used for root growth.
Phosphate deficiency
Leaves turn purple.
Wilted roots.
Note 
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