BIO 201 - A&P 1 - Unit 1 - Medical Terminology and Intro to A&P With complete verified solutions + Rationales

abdominal (cavity)

cavity containing the digestive system, liver, kidneys, stomach, etc.

abdominopelvic (cavity)

cavity that contains the internal organs found below the diaphragm; both the abdominal and pelvic cavities

acromial

top of shoulder (region)

anatomical left

the left side of the body from the patient's view

anatomical right

the right side of the body from the patient's view

anatomy

the study of the structure of living organisms

antecubital

front of the elbow (region)

anterior

a directional term meaning "the front side of the body." also: ventral

antebrachial

forearm/ lower arm (region)

axillary

underarm (region)

brachial

arm, specifically upper arm (region)

buccal

cheek (region)

calcaneal

heel of the foot (region)

cardiac

of or relating to the heart

cardiovascular system

organ system that contains blood vessels and the heart; distributes blood throughout the body in order to deliver nutrients and remove waste

carpal

wrist (region)

caudal

a directional term meaning "the bottom of/ lower than". also: inferior

cell

the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, typically microscopic and consisting of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane.

cephalic

head (region)

cervical region

neck (region)

chemical

a microscopic unit made up of atoms and molecules

contralateral

a directional term meaning "the opposite side"

coronal (plane)

a plane that divides anterior and posterior (front and back). also: frontal plane

coxal

hip (region)

cranial (cavity)

the cavity created by the cranial vault. houses the brain, pituitary, etc.

cranial (direction)

a directional term meaning "the top of the body". also: superior

crural

leg (region), specifically lower leg

deep

a directional term meaning "internal; towards the inside; away from the body's surface"

digital

fingers and toes (regions)

distal

a directional term meaning "farther from the area attached to the torso." (pertains only to limbs)

dorsal (direction)

back of the body. also: posterior

dorsal (cavity)

large cavity containing the cranial and spinal cavities

dorsal (region)

the back (region)

endocrine system

organ system that includes internal organs that secrete hormones; slow-acting

epigastric region

in the # abdominopelvic region, this is the top center square

femoral

thigh; upper leg (region)

fibular

the outside lateral side of the crural (lower leg) (region). also: peroneal

frontal (region)

the forehead (region)

frontal plane

a plane that divides anterior and posterior (front and back). also: coronal plane

gastric

of or relating to the stomach

gluteal

gluteous muscles; buttocks (region)

hallux

the "big toe" (region)

hepatic

of or relating to the liver

hypochondriac regions

in the # abdominopelvic region, this is the left and right upper corner squares

hypogastric region

in the # abdominopelvic region, this is the bottom center square. also: pubic region

iliac regions

in the # abdominopelvic region, this is the left and right lower corner squares. also: inguinal regions

inferior

a directional term meaning "the bottom of/ lower than." also: caudal

inguinal

groin (regions) left and right

integumentary system

organ system consisting of skin, hair, and nails; provides external body covering

intermediate

a directional term meaning "between medial and lateral."

ipsilateral

directional term meaning "the same side"

lateral

directional term meaning "to the side"

longitudinal

Any plane that is perpendicular to a transverse plane.

lumbar (regions)

in the # abdominopelvic region, this is the left and right center squares

lymphatic system

organ system containing the spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and lymph, etc.; drains extra tissue fluid from the extracellular space; provides sites for immune surveillance

mammary

the area of the chest that includes nipples and mammary glands (region)

medial

directional term meaning "the middle"

mental

chin (region)

metacarpal

back of the hand (region)

metatarsal

top of the foot (region)

midsagittal plane

a sagittal plane that falls on the midline; divides the body into symmetrical left and right halves

muscular system

organ system consisting of skeletal muscles and their connective tissue attachments; allows for movement

nasal

nose (region)

nervous system

fast-acting control system that triggers muscle contraction or gland secretion; works on electrical impulses

oblique plane

a plane that divides the body at an angle

occipital

back of the head (region)

olecranal

back of elbow (region)

optic

of or relating to the eyes, or vision

oral

mouth (region)

orbital (region)

eye region

orbital (cavity)

cavity that contains the eyes and their derivatives

organ

a part of the body that is formed by two or more tissues and adapted to carry out a specific function

organ system

a group of organs that work together to perform a vital body function

organism

the living animal or plant which represents the sum total of all its organ systems working together to maintain life

otic (region)

ear (region)

otic (cavity)

the cavity containing the inner and outer ears and their derivatives

palmer

palm of the hand (region)

patellar

front of the knee (region)

pedal

foot (region)

pelvic (cavity)

cavity that contains the reproductive organs and the bladder, etc.

perineal

region between the anus and the external genitals

peritoneum

the cavity formed by the parietal membrane that surrounds most of the abdominopelvic organs

physiology

the study of the function of the structure of living organisms

plantar

bottom of the foot (region)

pleural (cavity)

the left and right cavities that contain the left and right lungs

pollex

thumb (region)

popliteal

back of the knee (region)

posterior

directional term meaning "to the back of the body." also: dorsal

proximal

closer to the area attached to the torso. (pertains only to limbs)

pubic (region)

around the pelvic or genital areas. also: hypogastric region

renal

of or relating to the kidneys

reproductive system

organ system that allows production of offspring; produces estrogen/ testosterone

sacral (region)

Tailbone (region)

sagittal plane

a plane that divides the body into left and right halves.

scapular

shoulder blade (region)

skeletal system

system that protects and supports body organs, allows for movement

spinal (cavity)

the cavity that contains the spinal cord and spinal nerves. also: vertebral cavity

sternal

the chest/ sternum (region)

superficial

external; toward the outside or surface

superior

a directional term meaning "towards the top of the body; above." also: cranial