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submerged
์ ๊ธด, ์นจ์๋ under water, flooded, inundated, engulfed
widerness
ํฉ์ผ, ๋ฏธ๊ฐ์ฒ์์ฐ the great outdoors, Backcountry, Nature, wilds
pristine
์ค์ผ๋์ง ์์
enhance
ํฅ์์ํค๋ค, ๋์ด๋ค improve, boost, augment,elevate
brain functions
๋๊ธฐ๋ฅ cognitive abilities (์ธ์ง๋ฅ๋ ฅ), mental performance, Cognition
suggest
์์ฌํ๋ค, ๋ณด์ฌ์ฃผ๋ค indicate, show, imply
mastication
์ ์(์น๋ ํ์)
chemical
ํํ์ ์ธ, ํํ๋ฌผ์ง synthetic(์ธ๊ณต ํฉ์ฑ๋ฌผ์ง), molecular, substance
reformulate
์ฌ๊ตฌ์ฑํ๋ค, ๋ฐฐํฉ์ ๋ฐ๊พธ๋ค redesign, reconstruct, alter
post-operatively
์์ ํ์ after surgery, post-op, post-surgical
healing
ํ๋ณต, ์น๋ฃ recovery, recuperation, mending
aid
๋์, ๋ณด์กฐ ๋๊ตฌ (๊ฒฐํ์ ์ฑ์์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋ ๋์์ ์ฃผ๋ ์๋จ
lifelong
ํ์์, ์๊ตฌ์ ์ธ permanent, enduring, lasting
associated with
~์ ๊ด๋ จ๋ linked to, related to, connected with
intake
์ญ์ทจ, ํก์ consumption, ingestion, absorption
synthetic
ํฉ์ฑ์, ์ธ๊ณต์ artificial, man-made, non-natural
curb
์ต์ ํ๋ค, ์ ํํ๋ค restrain, control, suppress
detrimental
ํด๋ก์ด pernicious, harmful, unhealthy
dependence
์์กด, ์ค๋ addiction, reliance, attachment
behavior
ํ๋, ์ต์ฑ habit, action, conduct
regularly
๊ท์น์ ์ผ๋ก, ์์ฃผ constantly, frequently, havitually(์ต๊ด์ ์ผ๋ก)
tend to V
~ํ๋ ๊ฒฝํฅ์ด ์๋ค. be inclined to , be likely to, be prone to (๋ถ์ ์ ์ธ ์ผ์ ๋น ์ง๊ธฐ ์ฌ์ธ๋)
neglectful
์ํํ, ํ๋งํ Careless, heedless, inattentive, lax(๊ธฐ์ค์ด๋ ๊ท์น์ ์งํค๋๋ฐ ๋์จํ)
oral hygiene
๊ตฌ๊ฐ ์์. dental care, mouth cleanliness
unprocessed
๊ฐ๊ณต๋์ง ์์
recognized
์ธ์ ๋ฐ๋, ์๋ ค์ง accepted, identified, acknowledged(๊ณต์์ , ์ฌํ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ธ์ ๋ฐ์ ๋ ์ฌ์ฉ)
dates back to
~๊น์ง ๊ฑฐ์ฌ๋ฌ ์ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ๋ค traces back to, originates in
neolithic-period
์ ์๊ธฐ ์๋์ stone age, primitive era
bark tar
๋๋ฌด๊ป์ง ํ๋ฅด resin, sap, pitch ๋๋ฌด์์ ์ถ์ถํ ๋์ ํ ๋ฌผ์ง์ ํต์นญํจ
antiseptic
์๋ ์, ์ด๊ท ์ antibacterial, disinfectant
for its ~ properties
~ํ ์ฑ์ง ๋๋ฌธ์
settler
์ ์ฐฉ๋ฏผ, ์ด์ฃผ๋ฏผ colonist, pioneer ์๋ก์ด ๋ ์ ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ก์ ์ฌ๋๋ค
steadily
๊พธ์คํ, ์ ์ง์ ์ผ๋ก gradually, consistently,progressively
engineered
์ค๊ณ๋, ์กฐ์๋
synthetic
ํฉ์ฑ์, ์ธ๊ณต์
Hardly
๊ฑฐ์ ~์๋ค. scarcely, barely, rarely ๋ถ์ ์ ์๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ด์ ์ํ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์กฐํ ๋
resemble
๋ฎ๋ค, ๋น์ทํ๋ค. look like, mirror, parallel
predecessor
์ด์ ์ ๊ฒ. ancestor, forefather, forerunner
unprecedented
์ ๋ก์๋
unprecedented popularity
์ ๋ก์๋ ์ธ๊ธฐ
dwindle
์ค์ด๋ค๋ค, ์ฌ๋ผ์ง๋ค diminish, shrink, fade, decline
deem A to be B
A๋ฅผ B๋ผ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ฃผํ๋ค
in moderation
์ ๋นํ, ์๋ง๊ฒ within limits, temperately
advent
์ถํ, ๋๋ arrival, emergence, dawn ์ค์ํ ์ฌ๊ฑด์ด๋ ๋ฐ๋ช ํ์ด ๋ํ๋ฌ์๋
deem
~๋ผ๊ณ ์ฌ๊ธฐ๋ค consider, regard
temporarily
์ผ์์ ์ผ๋ก
harmless
ํด๋กญ์ง ์์ innocuous, benign, safe
dentists and doctors alike
์น๊ณผ ๋ฐ ์ผ๋ฐ์์ฌ ๋ชจ๋์ ์ํด
impart
(ํน์ฑ์)๋ถ์ฌํ๋ค. bestow, provide
proxy
๋์ ํ๋ ๊ฒ(์ฌ๋, ์๋จ, ์งํ)
confectionery
๊ณผ์๋ฅ, ๋จ์์
prescribed
์ฒ๋ฐฉ๋, ๊ท์ ๋
recovering from ๋ณ, ์์
~๋ณ, ์์ ๋ก๋ถํฐ ํ๋ณต
bad breath
๊ตฌ์ทจ, ์ ๋์ halitosis
gastrointestinal
์์ฅ๊ด์
limited to
~์ ๊ตญํ๋ restricted to, confined to
motor control
์ด๋ ์ ์ด. muscle coordination
alertness
๊ฐ์ฑ, ์ ์ ์ด ๋๋ ทํ๊ฒ ๊นจ์ด์๋ ์ํ vigilance, attentiveness
come at an expense
๋๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋ฐ๋ฅด๋ค
mastication-induced arousal
์น๊ธฐ์ ์ํด ์ ๋๋ ๊ฐ์ฑ
interfere with
~์ ๋ฐฉํดํ๋ค, ๊ฐ์ญํ๋ค hinder, obstruct, disrupt
induced
์ ๋๋
sustained
์ ์ง๋๋, ์ง์๋๋ maintained, prolonged, continued
verbal-fluency
์ธ์ด์ ์ฐฝ์ฑ articulateness, eloquence
posit
์ฃผ์ฅ/๋จ์ ํ๋ค assert, postulate, claim
A pale in comparison to B
B์ ๋นํ๋ฉด A๋ ์๋ฌด๊ฒ๋ ์๋๋ค.
short-lived
์ผ์์ ์ธ, ์๋ช ์ธ ์งง์ ephemeral, transitory, fleeting(๋๊น์งํ ์ฌ์ด)
pale in comparison
~๋นํ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์ํ๋ค be dwarfed by, be insignificant
A is a myth
๊ทผ๊ฑฐ์๋ ๋ฏฟ์์ด๋ค
ensue from
~๋ก๋ถํฐ(๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ก์) ๋ฐ์ํ๋ค
range from A to B
A์์ B์ ์ด๋ฅด๋ ๋ฒ์
innocuousness
๋ฌดํดํจ, ๋ ์ด์์
expounding
์์ธํ ์ค๋ช ํ๋ elaborating
autoimmune
์๊ฐ๋ฉด์ญ์ self-immune
irreversible
๋๋๋ฆด ์ ์๋ irreparable
ensue
(๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ก์) ๋ฐ์ํ๋ค result, follow, arise
metabolic
์ ์ง๋์ฌ์
bone resorption
๋ผ ํก์
chronic fatigue
๋ง์ฑ ํผ๋ก