Chapter 10: Religion and Reform

reduction of publication costs

The ________ created by new printing technologies in the 1830s allowed reformers to reach new audiences across the world.

market revolution

The ________, western expansion, and European immigration all challenged traditional bonds of authority, and evangelicalism promised equal measures of excitement and order.

revivalist doctrines

The ________ of salvation, perfectionism, and disinterested benevolence led many evangelical reformers to believe that slavery was the most God- defying of all sins and the most terrible blight on the moral virtue of the United States.

Fugitive Slave Act

The ________ of 1850 upped the ante by harshly penalizing officials who failed to arrest runaways and private citizens who tried to help them.

Indian Removal Act

The ________ of 1830 was met with fierce opposition from within the affected Native American communities as well as from the benevolent empire.

era of revivalism

In the ________ and reform, Americans understood the family and home as the hearthstones of civic virtue and moral influence.

After religious disestablishment, citizens of the United States faced a dilemma

how to cultivate a moral and virtuous public without aid from state-sponsored religion

The Second Great Awakening

________________________ was succession of religious revivals

It emerged in response to changing intellectual and social currents

What did the Second Great Awakening emerge in response to?

Temperance Crusade

_________________________ was an effort to curb the consumption of alcohol

Alcohol consumption had become a significant social issue after the American Revolution, with many Temperance reformers seeing a direct correlation between alcohol and other forms of vice

What was the idea of temperance developed in response to?

Salvation, perfectionism, and disinterested benevolence

What were the three revivalist doctrines?

Gradual emancipation

_________________ occurs gradually, usually over the course of a few generations

Conditional emancipation

_______________________________ occurs with conditions, such as release after a certain number of years enslaved

The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850

________________________________ harshly penalizing officials who failed to arrest runaways and private citizens who tried to help them

Middle-class white women were increasingly confined to the domestic sphere

How did women's rights change during the revivalism era?

Women were expected to be pious, pure, submissive, and domestic

What qualities were women expected to have?

The expectation that women had certain qualities and remained in the domestic sphere

What was the "Cult of Domesticity" or the "Cult of True Womanhood"?

How to cultivate a moral and virtuous public without aid from state-sponsored religion

What was a religious dilemma that the US faced during this era?

Immediats

__________________________ were those who wanted the emancipation of enslaved peoples to happen immediately