Sports med units 17, 18, 19 test

MOI for shoulder, elbow, wrist

Direct force, hyperextension, falling

Brachial plexus

Gives us sensation to the arm down to the finger tips

AC sprain

MOI: direct blow, fall on point of shoulder, fall on outstretched arm

Management: rest, ice, sling, rehab exercise

Common bursa injury

bursitis

S&S: sudden shoulder pain, point tenderness on anterior and lateral edges of acromion process, pain sleeping on affected side

Management: Heat, rehab exercises, physician referral if it doesn’t improve

Management for bicipital tendinitis

• Heat for 10 min pre activity / ice for 20 min post activity

• Restriction of rotational activities that exacerbate symptoms

Glenohumeral dislocation

• Intense pain; recurrent: less painful = stretched out 

• Tingling and numbness down arm 

• Obvious deformity – shoulder looks flattened 

• Check pulse and sensation 

• Severe pain but once shoulder goes back into place it will feel better

• Sore for a few days.

Clavicular fracture

• occurs in the middle 1/3 of clavicle where a fx occurs

• Proximal fragment - upward; distal shoulder collapses

• Visible and palpable deformity at fracture

• Pain with any motion

Rotator cuff muscles

• Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis (SITS)

• Tension helps hold the head of the hunter out against the glenoid fossa

Rotator cuff strains

• Primarily supraspinatus

• Partial tear more likely in young; total tear: adults over age 30

• Possibility of impingement syndrome

Tackler’s exostosis

When football linemen that block with their arms develop an ectopic formation on the humerus (arising from the bone)

Olecranon bursitis

• S&S: Tender, swollen, relatively painless, rupture - goose egg visible, motion limited at extreme of flexion

• Management: standard acute - rest, ice ace-wrap; NSAIDs; possible aspiration (drain fluid)

Sprain - UCL in elbow - what type of force

Valgus force

Compartment syndrome

Deep fascia of the forearm encloses the wrist and flexors/extensors muscle groups

Fracture management

• Splint; refer to doctor

• Neurologic and circulatory assessment - pinching fingernail bed to check if circulation is okay and close their eyes and touch specific areas of elbow/forearm

Number of carpal bones

8

Gamekeeper’s thumb

• Tear of the UCL of the MP joint

• Mechanism: MP in extension and forceful abduction

Interphalangeal dislocation - PIP & DIP

• PIP

  • Coach’s finger; hyperextension and axial loading (ex: ball striking extended finger)

• DIP

  • Direct trauma in tip of finger

• S&S: swollen, painful finger

Jersey finger

Rupture of flexor digitorum profundus from distal phalanx

Subungual hematoma

• Blood under fingernail

• Management: soak in ice water for 10-15 min, if pain doesn’t diminish, have a physician drain it

Boxer’s fracture

Fracture of 4th or 5th metacarpals (ex: punching a wall)

Percussion & compress purpose

Test for fracture in the fingers or hand