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Organic Chemistry
area of chemistry that involves the study and its compound
Carbon
known to form a seemingly unlimited number of compounds
Hydrocarbon
a compound composed of only carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms
Saturated hydrocarbon
=if all the covalent bonds between the carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon molecule are single bond
Alkane homologous series
saturated hydrocarbons
· Straight-chain alkane
· Branched-chain alkane
· Cyclic alkane
A saturated hydrocarbon can be:
Unsaturated hydrocarbon
molecule made up of only carbon and hydrogen atoms, its either double or triple bond
Alkene
contains double bond
Alkyne
contains triple bond
Alkene or Alkyne homologous series
unsaturated hydrocarbons
· Straight-chain alkene
· Branched-chain alkene
· Cyclic alkene
· Straight-chain alkene
· Branched-chain alkene
An unsaturated hydrocarbon can be:
Hydrocarbon molecule
contains only carbon and hydrogen
· Alkanes
· Alkenes
· Alkynes
· Aromatics
Structural types of hydrocarbons
CnH2n+2
Formula Alkanes
· Melting Point
· Boiling Point
· Solubility
Physical Properties of Alkanes
Alkyl groups
formed by removing one hydrogen from alkane
Cycloalkanes
alkanes that contain a ring
CnH2n
Formula for Alkenes
CnH2n-2
Formula for Alkumes
CnH2n
Alkynes also called ___
Alcohol
one of the most important functional groups
Alcohol
good source of reagents for synthesis reactions
Monohydroxyl alcohols
one -OH group
Primary Alcohol
Secondary Alcohol
Tertiary Alcohol
Classification of Alcohols
Phenol
Classification of Alcohols
C6H5OH
Formula for Phenol
Phenol
- Also known as benzenol or carbolic acid
Monohydric Phenols
hydroxybenzene
Dihydric Phenols –
dihydroxy benzene
Trihydric Phenols
trihydroxy benzene
Ethers
class of organic compounds that contain an oxygen group connect to 2 alkyl groups
Aldehydes and ketones
have higher priority than all the other functional groups
Aromatic aldehydes
derivatives of benzaldehyde
Ketones
contain the function group of R-CO-R
Propanone
simplest member of ketone family
Note 
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