Organic Chemistry | Midterm Exam
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35 Terms
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Organic Chemistry
area of chemistry that involves the study and its compound
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Carbon
known to form a seemingly unlimited number of compounds
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Hydrocarbon
a compound composed of only carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms
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Saturated hydrocarbon
=if all the covalent bonds between the carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon molecule are single bond
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Alkane homologous series
saturated hydrocarbons
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· Straight-chain alkane
· Branched-chain alkane
· Cyclic alkane
· Branched-chain alkane
· Cyclic alkane
A saturated hydrocarbon can be:
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Unsaturated hydrocarbon
molecule made up of only carbon and hydrogen atoms, its either double or triple bond
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Alkene
contains double bond
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Alkyne
contains triple bond
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Alkene or Alkyne homologous series
unsaturated hydrocarbons
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· Straight-chain alkene
· Branched-chain alkene
· Cyclic alkene
· Straight-chain alkene
· Branched-chain alkene
· Branched-chain alkene
· Cyclic alkene
· Straight-chain alkene
· Branched-chain alkene
An unsaturated hydrocarbon can be:
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Hydrocarbon molecule
contains only carbon and hydrogen
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· Alkanes
· Alkenes
· Alkynes
· Aromatics
· Alkenes
· Alkynes
· Aromatics
Structural types of hydrocarbons
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CnH2n+2
Formula Alkanes
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· Melting Point
· Boiling Point
· Solubility
· Boiling Point
· Solubility
Physical Properties of Alkanes
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Alkyl groups
formed by removing one hydrogen from alkane
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Cycloalkanes
alkanes that contain a ring
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CnH2n
Formula for Alkenes
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CnH2n-2
Formula for Alkumes
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CnH2n
Alkynes also called ___
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Alcohol
one of the most important functional groups
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Alcohol
good source of reagents for synthesis reactions
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Monohydroxyl alcohols
one -OH group
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1. Primary Alcohol
2. Secondary Alcohol
3. Tertiary Alcohol
Classification of Alcohols
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Phenol
Classification of Alcohols
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C6H5OH
Formula for Phenol
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Phenol
\- Also known as benzenol or carbolic acid
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Monohydric Phenols
hydroxybenzene
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Dihydric Phenols –
dihydroxy benzene
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Trihydric Phenols
trihydroxy benzene
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Ethers
class of organic compounds that contain an oxygen group connect to 2 alkyl groups
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Aldehydes and ketones
have higher priority than all the other functional groups
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Aromatic aldehydes
derivatives of benzaldehyde
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Ketones
contain the function group of R-CO-R
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Propanone
simplest member of ketone family
Note 
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