Science

What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

~300,000 km/s

What type of wave is light?

Transverse wave

What law describes how light reflects off a surface?

Law of Reflection: angle of incidence = angle of reflection

What happens to light when it passes from a denser to a less dense medium?

It bends away from the normal.

What is dispersion in terms of light?

The splitting of white light into a rainbow through a prism.

What part of the eye focuses light onto the retina?

Lens

What is the process of light entering the eye?

Light enters through cornea → passes pupil (controlled by iris) → focused by lens → lands on retina → signals travel via optic nerve → brain interprets image.

What type of wave is sound?

Longitudinal wave

How fast does sound travel in air at room temperature?

~343 m/s

What is the relationship between frequency and pitch?

Higher frequency means higher pitch.

What is the human hearing range?

~20 Hz to 20,000 Hz

What causes echoes?

Sound reflecting off surfaces.

How does the outer ear function in hearing?

It collects sound.

What is total internal reflection?

The phenomenon used in fiber optics to carry internet signals.

What absorbs some wavelengths of light and transmits others?

Filters.

What part of the eye adjusts pupil size?

Iris