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Maya Civilization
Known for advancements in astronomy, including predicting eclipses and using astrological cycles for agriculture.
Inca Civilization
Recognized for their stone buildings, irrigation systems, and the invention of the first suspension bridge.
Aztec Civilization
Flourished in central Mexico from 1300 to 1521, known for mandatory education and contributions to agriculture and medicine.
Quipu
A system of knotted ropes used by the Inca for record-keeping and communication.
Chinampa
A method of agriculture used by the Aztecs involving rectangular areas of fertile land on lake beds.
Brahmagupta
An Indian mathematician who introduced rules for the use of zero and negative numbers in arithmetic.
Seismology
The branch of geology focused on studying earthquakes and seismic waves.
Ibn al-Haytham
Known as the Father of Optics for his work on the intromission theory of light.
Muhammad Ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi
A mathematician who founded the concepts of algorithms and algebra.
Ibn Sina
A pioneer in experimental medicine and the study of contagious diseases.
Jabir Ibn Hayyan
Recognized as the Father of Chemistry and a foundational figure in modern chemistry.
Lebombo Bone
The oldest known calendar, believed to have been used for tracking lunar and menstrual cycles.
Egyptian Mathematics
Egyptians excelled in fundamental mathematical operations and had knowledge of algebra and trigonometry.
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