Public Speaking Final Exam

What is the first step in planning a neighbor-serving speech?

Identify the topic

What is intrapersonal communication?

Communicating with self

What word do the author and his wife use to prevent escalating arguments?

Ouch

What is primary research?

Discovering for ourselves what others do not yet know

What is secondary research?

Searching for what other people already know

What is autobiographical research?

examining one’s own experiences

Which of the following is not a traditional public speaking purpose?

Expressing

What’s wrong with the following Main Idea for a speech: “This speech is about TV parents and children.”

It is too general.

What is the Main Idea for a speech similar to?

An elevator pitch and A thesis for an essay and A one-sentence speech summary

According to Aristotle what is rhetoric?

Persuasive speech

A speech outline includes:

short list of points and ideas that support the Main Idea and complete sentences

It is usually a bad idea to begin a speech with:

A joke and An off-topic tale and A rhetorical question

An effective way to begin a speech is often with:

A relevant story and A significant fact and A relevant quotation

Which type of question might work best in a speech introduction?

An inclusive question

Which of the following speech topics might best be organized chronologically?

The steps required for writing a solid resume

The three main parts of a speech are usually called the:

Introduction body and conclusion

What is the difference between a summary and preview transition statement?

A summary statement looks back whereas a preview looks forward in the speech

A persuasive speech should normally conclude with:

A call to specific belief or action

“The first way to shed a few pounds….” is likely an example of which kind of transition device?

Numbered points

A common problem with the use of acronyms for speech organization and transitions is:

They can seem trite and they can seem forced

What is a speaker's ethos?

Perceived credibility

What is a lie?

A statement intended to deceive

What is misspeaking?

Unintentionally making a false misleading or at least confusing statement

What is a figure of speech?

Language that is used metaphorically rather than literally

What is hyperbole?

Exaggeration for effect

When we express semi-informed personal opinions in speeches what kind of sentence might best serve our audience with fair language?

"This is my view but I might be wrong."

What describes a virtuous speaker?

Good character

What are Aristotle's three important means of persuasion?

Logos pathos and ethos

We gain integrity as speakers by unifying our:

Inner and outer selves

Which type of public speaking probably requires the most patience?

Persuading

Why should we consult topical authorities even if we know a lot about our speech topic?

Because we need credible sources for our speech and Because we need to validate our assumptions and Because we need to speak beyond our personal opinion and experience

What is misinformation?

Unintentionally erroneous information

As a result of confirmation bias we tend to seek information that:

Confirms our existing biases

When does an “aha moment” usually occur in a speech?

When the speaker offers a new and interesting insight

Generally speaking secondary research includes which of the following?

Public websites and Periodicals and Scholarly/academic publications

What free online search engine provides one of the easiest ways of accessing citations for scholarly articles on various topics and by various scholars?

Google Scholar

What is a source’s credibility?

Its apparent trustworthiness

What is true of popular quotations?

They are notoriously suspect/questionable

What is plagiarism?

Passing off someone else’s ideas and expressions as our own

What is fabrication?

Making up material such as data examples and findings

What is extemporaneous speaking?

speaking from an outline

According to the author how many times should we usually rehearse extemporaneous speech?

3-5

We should mark up our extemporaneous speech outline because:

we remember visually and it makes it easier to keep track of where we are in the speech

Extemporaneous speaking usually requires:

rehearsing without extensive notes

What does the Greek concept of kairos (time) mean?

the right and fitting moment—such as when to say something

How does the author decide whether or not to say something that he had not planned to say during a speech?

he asks himself if the content will serve the audience

How can we best avoid personal defensiveness during audience Q&A?

by imagining that a beloved family member is asking the question

What should the camera show in a meeting video?

the presenter from about the waist up and at eye level

How should the speaker move when doing a stage video?

the speaker should stay in a designated spot on the stage unless the director suggests otherwise

What is a good practice for attire/clothing on video?

wear solid colors and avoid clothing with company logos and wear non-seasonal clothing

What is identification in public speaking?

helping the audience identify with us and others

For a servant speaker empathy is:

seeing things from others’ perspectives

“Pilate had a notice prepared and fastened to the cross. It read: JESUS OF NAZARETH THE KING OF THE JEWS” (John 19:19). What kind of trope (figure of speech) was the sign an example of?

irony

“Ask and it will be given to you; seek and you will find; knock and the door will be open to you” (Matt. 7:7). What are Jesus’ words an example of?

parallelism

“This is how you are to build it: The ark is to be three hundred cubits long fifty cubits wide and thirty cubits high” (Gen. 6:15). What is this verse is an example of?

concreteness

The best way to avoid verbal fillers in our public speaking is to:

eliminate the fillers in our everyday conversation

What is a cue?

an unintentional nonverbal signal

What is a “myth” (mythos) in the deepest classical sense according to Aristotle?

a powerful tale to move an audience

What is satire?

using irony and exaggeration to criticize others’ stupidity or vices

What kind of a story is a metanarrative?

a story that makes sense of other stories

At or near the beginning of an informative speech we need to:

explain or illustrate how the info will meet audience needs

Engaging informative speeches are like a:

drama

A descriptive form of informative speech on the general topic of phone apps would not:

advocate for one app over a different one

With what type of communication was the ancient art of public speaking associated?

conducting theatrical performances

What is techno-magic?

the belief that there are technological solutions to just about every human problem

What is the unintentional message that the audience receives when speaker misspells a word on a PowerPoint slide?

the presenter is careless

What is a good rule to use with selecting and designing presentation visuals?

less is actually more

What is a helpful guide for how many slides to use in a presentation?

one slide each for the introduction and conclusion and one additional slide for each significant point on our outline

Why is handing out printed materials at a speech particularly risky?

attendees might read the material rather than pay attention to us

What is copyrighted material?

material owned by someone and not available for general public use

For Christians what is a group presentation?

a shared calling to use the gift of communication cooperatively to serve an audience

Which servant dynamic should a group nurture among members?

value all members and be mutually gracious and foster equal participation

What is a good activity to use at the first group meeting to build relationships?

share life stories

What is usually the most inclusive way to both begin and end meetings?

taking turns speaking around a circle

What normally should be done at the end of a group meeting?

ensure that the group agrees on what has been accomplished at the meeting and determine as a group what needs to be done next and determine who will carry out the specified tasks within specified deadlines

Biblically speaking how might we think about each other as members of a group?

mutual neighbors called to serve one another

What part of group work is usually best done by one person?

overseeing media/technology

How can team members avoid conflicts and thereby nurture good relationships?

by keeping disagreements on a task rather than personal level and by addressing person-to-person conflicts outside of the group and by discussing one central question: “What will best serve the audience?”

As a general rule how much of the presentation time should be reserved for Q&A?

10%

What is a helpful rule for attending to a group’s personal visual dynamics in front of an audience?

all team members should recognize that they are essentially on stage even when they are not presenting

Audience attitudes are essentially:

biases

What is apologetics?

the defense of the faith

Simple logic in a persuasive speech involves?

making a claim and stating a reason and providing evidence

Inductive reasoning (or argument) involves:

using specific information to make a general conclusion

Deductive reasoning (or argument) involves:

using a general statement or principle to make specific conclusions

Primary (or personal) evidence includes:

our own life experience

Monroe’s 5-Step Motivated Sequence begins with audience attention and ends with:

a call to audience action

The problem-solution approach to logical persuasion often works well when the audience:

already feels the burden of the problem

An ad hominin argument is an attack on someone’s:

character

What is the general rule about using emotional appeals?

use emotional appeals early in a speech to gain audience interest and open listeners’ heart and use emotional appeals toward the end of the speech to move the audience toward a change in belief or action

Typically how long should a speaker’s introduction be?

30-60 seconds

What should we normally include in a speaker introduction?

event sponsors and the purpose/value of the speech for the audience and speaker credentials

What is impromptu speaking?

speaking on the spot with little preparation time

In ancient Greece and Rome what was epideictic oratory?

speaking designed for public ceremonies and speaking in a way that would show off one’s speaking abilities and speaking designed to criticize opponents or praise friends

What does Frederick Buechner say about some speaking occasions?

they can give us a glimpse of what life is all about

When might we poke fun at a person being honored?

if we can sensitively address endearing quirks or foibles not failings

Addressing an audience at a celebratory occasion borrows meaning from ancient forms of:

worship

What is a malapropism?

using the wrong word for a similar one