Seedless Vascular Plants

What allowed tracheophytes to grow larger than bryophytes and why?

vascular tissue allowed them to grow larger since they can transport water, nutrients, and waste

What is the importance of roots in tracheophytes?

allowed them to reach deeper water sources and provide structural support

Describe lifecycles in tracheophytes

Dominant sporophyte generation, and lessening size of the gametophyte generation

How did roots, stems, and leaves develop in tracheophytes?

through convergent evolution

Are club mosses true mosses?

No

List 4 traits of Club mosses

Small narrow leaves with a central vein (lycophylls), Sporangia are at the base of specialized sporophytes, Small, free living gametophyte organism, Motile sperm that need water as a transport medium

What 3 groups make up Pterophyta?

Ferns, horsetails, and whisk ferns

How are ferns divided?

based on how spores develop

What characterizes Eusporangiate?

sporangium develops from many cells to produces many spores​

What characterizes Leptosporangiate?

sporangium develops from​ a single cell and produces a small number​ of spores

What is the most abundant type of tracheophytes?

Ferns

List 5 traits of Ferns

Have roots, stems, and complex leaves called euphylls, Fronds grow from the rhizome, Sporangia are called sori and are found on the underside of the frond, Small, free living, photosynthetic gametophyte, Motile sperm that needs water for transport of spores​

Where does photosynthesis occur in horsetails?

In the stems

List 5 traits of Horsetails

Jointed stems and reduced scale-like leaves, Stems contain silica, Stems can be vegetive or reproductive, Most are homosporous, Small free living gametophytes

Describe sperm in horsetails

Motile sperm that needs water

List 4 traits of Whisk ferns

Rootless, leafless sporophytes, Sporangia on tips of the stems, Tiny colourless gametophyte that is often symbiotic with fungi, Vascular tissue is produced in some gametophytes