329Ch8Ethnicdiversity to post updated 2023

Cultural Competence

The possession of the skills and knowledge required to manage cross-cultural relationships effectively. Cultural competence has four major components: awareness, attitude, knowledge, and skills.

Cultural Identity

The identity or feeling of belonging to a group. It is part of a person’s self-conception and self-perception and is related to nationality, ethnicity, religion, social class, generation, locality, or any kind of social group that has its own distinct culture.

Economic Class of Immigration

A category under which immigrants are admitted to a country because they have attributes that are thought to be helpful to economic growth.

Family Class of Immigration

A category under which immigrants are admitted to Canada for the purposes of family reunification.

Humanitarian Class of Immigration

A category under which immigrants are admitted because they have been forced from their country due to war, are in fear of persecution, or are, for example, at risk of torture.

Intergenerational Trauma

The transmission of oppression and its negative consequences across generations.

Social Security Agreement

An international agreement between Canada and another country for the purposes of coordinating the pension programs of the two countries for people who have lived or worked in both countries. This agreement helps eligible immigrants to qualify for Old Age Security, disability, and survivor benefits offered through the Canadian government.