329Ch8Ethnicdiversity to post updated 2023

Page 1: Introduction to Canada's Ethnic Diversity

• Focus on the growing ethnic diversity in Canada.

• Reference to The Conversation website for further insights.

Page 2: Overview of Ethnic Diversity

• Key points to explore:

  • Ethnic Diversity in Canada

  • Older Immigrants

  • Indigenous Peoples in Canada

  • Cultural Competence

Page 3: Increasing Ethnic Diversity in Canada

• Concept of diversity considered personal and familial; invites reflection on its meaning.

Page 4: Statistics on Ethnic Origins

• Statistics Canada (2016) reports over 200 ethnic origins:

  • Most common non-Canadian origins: English, French, Scottish, Irish, German.

  • Importance of measuring changes in ethnic diversity through historical datasets.

Page 5: Immigration Statistics

• Historical data from 1852-2012 illustrating:

  • Number of immigrants and immigration rates over the years.

  • Immigrants categorized under:

    1. Economic

    2. Humanitarian

    3. Family

Page 6: Linguistic Diversity in Major Cities

• Toronto leads in immigrant population speaking languages other than English or French (2 million).

• Other cities with significant immigration: Vancouver, Montreal.

• Migration patterns are influenced by governmental policies.

Page 7: Key Overview Points

• Reiterates the main topics:

  • Ethnic Diversity in Canada

  • Older Immigrants

  • Indigenous Peoples in Canada

  • Cultural Competence

Page 8: Older Immigrants Dynamics

• Contrary to expectations, many older adults migrate to care for younger generations, reshaping family roles.

• Raising questions about motivations for migration at older ages.

Page 9: Living Arrangements of Older Adult Immigrants

• Influenced by:

  • Income and education levels leading to varied living situations.

  • Cultural values like filial piety and collectivism.

  • Acculturation effects based on timing of immigration.

Page 10: Economic Security of Older Adult Immigrants

• Generally, younger immigrants possess more economic security in old age.

• Barriers include non-recognition of skills and qualifications for older immigrants.

Page 11: Health Concerns of Older Adult Immigrants

• Limited research on the health of visible minorities in Canada.

• Observations:

  • "Healthy immigrant effect" persists, but diminishes over time.

  • Refugees face worse mental health outcomes compared to other immigrant groups.

Page 12: Barriers to Services for Older Adult Immigrants

• Identified challenges include:

  • Financial and language barriers, including access to language learning.

  • Discrimination from service providers.

  • Insufficient awareness of available services.

  • Family reliance contributing to feelings of powerlessness.

Page 13: Role of Multicultural Health Brokers

• Quote emphasizing comprehensive support for newcomers.

• Addressing broader issues beyond immediate health needs.

Page 14: Multicultural Health Brokers - Break

• Content shift towards insights on Multicultural Health Brokers.

Page 15: Goals and Functions of Multicultural Health Brokers

• Bridging newcomers and Canadian society:

  • Support for 16% of births in Edmonton region.

  • Inter-cultural competency training.

  • Focus on prevention and holistic support tailored to individual community needs.

Page 16: Summary of Major Themes

• Overview remains on:

  • Ethnic Diversity in Canada

  • Older Immigrants

  • Indigenous Peoples in Canada

  • Cultural Competence

Page 17: Indigenous Peoples Statistics

• Identification of original inhabitants (Métis, Inuit, First Nations):

  • 1.5 million or 4.3% of the Canadian population.

  • Half residing on reserves; others in urban areas.

  • References to the effects of the 1876 Indian Act on program access.

Page 18: Impact of Residential Schools

• Profound negative effects of residential school systems on Indigenous communities.

• Formal apology by the Canadian government in 2008 for past sufferings.

Page 19: Residential Schools - Break

• Content shift to video insights regarding residential schools.

Page 20: Health Challenges for Indigenous Peoples

• Colonization and socio-economic marginalization lead to:

  • Higher health issue rates than the non-Indigenous population.

  • Importance of culturally competent healthcare.

Page 21: Resilience of Older Indigenous People

• Older Indigenous adults as sources of wisdom and resilience despite health challenges.

Page 22: Recap of Major Themes

• Overview continues to encompass:

  • Ethnic Diversity in Canada

  • Older Immigrants

  • Indigenous Peoples in Canada

  • Cultural Competence

Page 23: Cultural Competence - Need for Awareness

• Focus on the importance of cultural awareness.

Page 24: Key Components of Cultural Competence

• Four components identified:

  1. Awareness

  2. Attitude

  3. Knowledge

  4. Skills

• Emphasis on the relationship between cultural competence and health outcomes.

Page 25: Final Overview

• Reiteration of key topics covered:

  • Ethnic Diversity in Canada

  • Older Immigrants

  • Indigenous Peoples in Canada

  • Cultural Competence