PY 131 Chapter 4/5: Newton's Second and Third Law of Motion
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21 Terms
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What is inertia?
The property of an object to resist changes to its motion. NOT a force.
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What did Galileo observe about objects and their motion?
Objects resist changes to their motion.
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What does an object at rest resist?
Efforts to start it moving.
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What does an object in motion resist?
Efforts to change its velocity.
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What types of motion can an object have?
Linear, rotational, and vibrational motion.
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What is an object’s inertia in linear motion?
It is the same as its mass.
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What is Newton’s First Law?
It is sometimes called The Law of Inertia.
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What does Newton’s First Law imply?
It implies that force is related to acceleration.
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What is the relationship between force and acceleration?
The acceleration is in the same direction as the force, proportional to its size, and inversely proportional to the object’s inertia.
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What is Newton’s Second Law of Motion?
The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to the object's mass.
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What is the direction of acceleration?
In the direction of the net force acting on the object.
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What is the formula for Newton’s Second Law of Motion?
a = Fnet/m.
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What is the SI unit of force?
the newton (N).
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What is one newton?
The amount of force required to accelerate an object of mass 1 kg by 1 m/s^2.
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What do we need to use Newton’s Second Law?
We need to compute the net force.
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What should we do if the forces are not all along the same line?
We should break them down into components.
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What cancels out in the y direction?
The components of the forces.
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What happens if the maximum static friction is surpassed?
The friction will become kinetic friction.
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What is rolling friction?
A different kind of friction that occurs when an object rolls upon another without slipping.
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What is drag force?
The force exerted by a fluid upon an object as it moves through it
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What does the drag force depend on?
The shape/size of the object, the speed of the object, and the properties of the fluid such as its viscosity and density.
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