Anatomy, Function, and Dysfunction of the Right Ventricle

Flashcards based on key concepts from the lecture on the anatomy, function, and dysfunction of the right ventricle, focusing on its role in various cardiovascular conditions and the implications for diagnosis and treatment.

What are the key components of the normal anatomy of the right ventricle (RV)?

The RV consists of the inlet (tricuspid valve), trabeculated apex, and the outlet (infundibulum) which supports the pulmonary valve.

What distinguishes the right ventricle from the left ventricle functionally?

The RV is anatomically and functionally distinct from the LV, predominately directing blood into pulmonary circulation under lower pressure.

What is RV adaptation primarily influenced by?

RV adaptation is largely determined by pressure overload, volume overload, and its intrinsic contractile function.

Which conditions can lead to RV cardiomyopathy?

Common etiologies include pulmonary hypertension and myocardial disease.

What is the importance of RV-pulmonary artery coupling?

Adequate RV-pulmonary artery coupling is crucial for effective cardiac function and outcomes in various cardiovascular diseases.

How does chronic pressure overload affect the right ventricle structurally?

Chronic pressure overload leads to RV hypertrophy and eventually dilation, strain, and dysfunction.

What is the typical response of the RV to volume overload?

The hallmark of volume overload is RV dilatation and hypertrophy, with preserved wall thickness and simultaneous leftward septal shift.

What does ventricular interdependence refer to?

Ventricular interdependence refers to the functional relationship where the function of the right ventricle affects left ventricular dynamics and vice versa.

What is the clinical significance of measuring RV function?

Measuring RV function is essential for diagnosing and prognosticating in conditions like pulmonary hypertension.

What constitutes the main driving force for the right ventricle during contraction?

Longitudinal shortening predominates in RV contraction, accounting for approximately 75% of its motion.

What are the three processes associated with right ventricular adaptation?

The three processes are pressure overload, volume overload, and primary myocardial diseases.

What is the clinical relevance of RV diastolic function in patients with pulmonary hypertension?

RV diastolic function is related to compliance and relaxation and is important for predicting outcomes in pulmonary hypertension.