Appendicular System

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32 Terms

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Girdles

Structures that connect limbs to the axial skeleton.

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Pectoral Girdle

Composed of scapula and clavicle; connects upper limbs to the torso.

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Pelvic Girdle

Formed by coxal bones and sacrum; supports lower limbs.

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Scapula

Shoulder blade; provides attachment for muscles and articulates with the humerus.

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Acromion Process

Part of the scapula; forms a protective cover and attaches to the clavicle.

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Scapular Spine

Divides the posterior surface of the scapula into supra and infraspinous fossae.

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Coracoid Process

A projection on the scapula; serves as an attachment point for muscles.

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Glenoid Cavity

A shallow socket in the scapula that articulates with the head of the humerus.

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Clavicle

Bone that articulates with the acromion and manubrium of the sternum; connects the arm to the body.

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Humerus

The bone of the upper arm; articulates with the shoulder and elbow.

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Tubercles

Projections on the humerus; include greater and lesser tubercles for muscle attachment.

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Intertubercular Groove

A groove on the humerus that houses the tendon of the biceps brachii.

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Capitulum

Rounded part of the humerus that articulates with the radius.

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Trochlea

Spool-shaped part of the humerus that articulates with the ulna.

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Epicondyles

Projections on the humerus for ligament attachment.

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Radius

Forearm bone on the thumb side; involved in wrist movement.

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Ulna

Forearm bone on the little finger side; forms the elbow joint.

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Trochlear Notch

A notch on the ulna that fits over the trochlea of the humerus.

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Olecranon Process

The bony prominence of the elbow, part of the ulna.

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Carpal Bones

Eight bones in the wrist; arranged in two rows.

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Carpal Tunnel

A passageway in the wrist; contains tendons and nerves.

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Metacarpals

Five bones that form the palm of the hand.

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Pelvic Girdle

Composed of coxal bones and sacrum; supports the lower limbs.

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Acetabulum

A socket in the pelvic girdle that articulates with the head of the femur.

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Femur

The thigh bone; the longest bone in the body.

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Trochanters

Projections on the femur for muscle attachment; include greater and lesser.

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Patella

The kneecap; a sesamoid bone that protects the knee joint.

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Tibia

The larger bone of the lower leg; supports most of the body's weight.

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Fibula

The smaller bone of the lower leg; stabilizes the ankle.

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Tarsals

Seven bones in the foot; include the navicular, talus, and calcaneus.

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Metatarsals

Five bones that form the middle part of the foot.

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Phalanges

Bones of the toes; each toe has three phalanges except for the big toe, which has two.