Week 8 Key Words Rome

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35 Terms

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27 BCE

The year marking the official beginning of the Roman Empire and the First Settlement by Augustus.

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Augustus

The title given to Octavian after he consolidated power, marking the transition from Republic to Empire.

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First Settlement

The event in 27 BCE where Octavian handed back power to the Senate but retained control as Augustus.

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Imperium

The supreme authority in Rome's affairs, particularly military command, vested in certain officeholders.

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Imperium consulare maius

Greater consular power granted to Augustus during the Second Settlement in 23 BCE.

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Imperial Province

Provinces governed directly by the emperor, significant for their military importance.

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Senatorial Province

Stable Roman provinces governed by proconsuls, which required less military oversight.

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Aerarium militare

A fund established by Augustus in 6 AD for the support of veterans.

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Virgil

Prominent Augustean writer known for his epic poem, the Aeneid.

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Res Gestae

An autobiographical account by Augustus detailing his achievements.

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Beneficial Ideology

The concept portraying emperors as generous benefactors to secure popular support.

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Imperial Cult

A religious phenomenon venerating emperors and their divine powers across the empire.

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Jewish Revolt

An uprising in Judaea (66-73 AD) against Roman rule driven by various tensions.

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Auctoritas

Unofficial influence and prestige wielded by individuals in Roman society.

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Princeps

The term meaning 'leading figure', adopted by Augustus to signify his role without appearing monarchal.

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Imperator

Title for military commanders that became synonymous with the emperor after Augustus.

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Roman Empire

The period in history following the Republic, initiated by Augustus in 27 BCE.

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Mark Antony

Rival of Octavian whose defeat led to Octavian's sole leadership in Rome.

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Cleopatra

The queen of Egypt allied with Mark Antony, defeated by Octavian.

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Principate

Form of governance established by Augustus that masked autocracy within Republican forms.

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Legati Augusti pro praetore

Emperor's appointed governors in imperial provinces, often former consuls or praetors.

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Proconsul

A governor of a senatorial province, typically a former consul.

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Annona

System of grain supply and price regulation to provide affordable food to citizens.

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Alimenta

Subsidies for children provided as part of the Beneficial Ideology.

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Empires history

The evolution of governance structures marked by Augustus's reforms.

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Cultural reforms

Changes initiated by Augustus to promote Roman identity and values.

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Military reforms

Changes ensuring the loyalty and welfare of the military under Augustus.

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Public buildings

Infrastructure constructed as part of the propaganda to support the Beneficial Ideology.

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Pax Romana

The long period of relative peace and stability experienced by the Roman Empire.

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Urban reforms

Changes to cities initiated by Augustus to enhance urban life.

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Dignitas

The personal honor and reputation a Roman individual aimed to achieve.

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Social tension

Conflicts arising from different groups within the empire, exemplified by the Jewish Revolt.

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Tiberius

Augustus's stepson and the second emperor of Rome, whose reign followed Augustus.

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Flavian Dynasty

Roman imperial dynasty known for consolidating power after the Julio-Claudians.

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Roman Senate

The political body that Augustus worked with strategically to maintain the illusion of the Republic.