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15 Terms
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1
Merneptah Stele
An ancient Egyptian inscription that is the earliest known reference to Israel in history.
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2
Yahweh
The original Jewish god, associated with the southern tribes of Israel.
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3
United Monarchy
The period when Israel was ruled by three kings: Saul, David, and Solomon.
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4
Tel Dan Stele
An archaeological find that mentions the House of David, providing evidence for the existence of the United Monarchy.
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5
Divided Monarchy
The split of the kingdom of Israel into the Northern Kingdom (Israel) and the Southern Kingdom (Judah).
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6
Babylonian Exile
The period when the Jewish population was exiled to Babylon following the conquest of Jerusalem.
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7
Zadokite High Priest
The most important religious leader in Jerusalem during the Persian period.
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8
Documentary Hypothesis
The theory that the Torah was composed of multiple sources, including J, E, D, and P.
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9
Hellenization
The historical spread of Greek culture, often leading to the adaptation of local customs.
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10
Hasmonean Revolt
A rebellion led by the Maccabees against the Seleucid Empire, resulting in Jewish independence.
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11
Apocalypticism
The belief in an imminent profound change in the cosmic, social, and political order.
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12
Fiscus Judaicus
A tax levied by the Romans on Jews in lieu of the Temple tax.
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13
Rabbis
Jewish religious leaders that emerged post-Temple, focusing on Torah study and prayer in synagogues.
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14
Codex
An ancient manuscript text in book form, often references Jewish scriptures.
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15
Diaspora
The dispersion of Jews beyond Israel, leading to various challenges including assimilation and identity preservation.
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