Unit 2: The Internet

Fault Tolerant

________- can continue to function even in the event of individual component failures.

TCP

________- manages the sending and receiving of all your data as packets.

DNS

________ and IP are designed to scale no matter how much the internet grows.

DNA

________ Spoofing- sending people to an imposter website.

Path

________- the series of connections between computing devices on a network starting with a sender and ending with a receiver.

Router

________- a type of computer that forwards data across a network.

Bandwith

________- the maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time, usually measured in bits per second.

world wide web

A protocol for computers to request and share the pages that make up the ________ on the Internet.

Larger messages

________ are divided into packets that may arrive at the destination in order, out- of- order, or not at all.

Vint Cert

________ and Bob Kahn invented the Internetworking Protocol (the internet)

Safe

________ websites prevent snooping & tampering by communicating on a secure channel.

Design philosophy

________ is being used to adapt and absorb new communication technologies.

real life

Use in ________: Useful when accuracy matters more than saving a split second, like sending emails, photos, or just browsing websites.

Redundancy

________- the inclusion of extra components so that a system can continue to work even if individual components fail, for example by having more than 1 path between any 2 connected devices in a network.

web browsers

The language used to communicate between ________ and servers.

Protocol

________- a well- known set of rules and standards used to communicate between machines (and specify the behavior of some systems)

Datastream

________- information passed through the internet in packets.

large number

The internet is made up of an incredibly ________ of independently operating networks.

Digital Divide

________- differing access to computing devices and the Internet, based on socioeconomic, geographic, or demographic characteristics.

Scalability

________- the capacity for the system to change in size and ________ to meet new demands.

unique number

It is the ________ assigned to each device.

tablets

Computing Device- a machine that can run a program, including computers, ________, servers, routers, and smart sensors.

Domain Name System

________ (DNS)- corresponds to the website domain with the IP address.

minimal error checking

Summary: a protocol for sending packets quickly with ________ and no resending of dropped packets.

IPv4

________- provides more than 4 billion unique addresses.

HTTPS protocols

The ________ make sure the HTTP requests are secured and protected.

IPv6

________- 128 bits per address and 340 undecillion unique addresses.

Packet

________- a chunk of data sent over a network.

Routers

________ (or computing devices) act like traffic managers to keep packets moving smoothly and packets are reassembled in order.

real life

Use in ________: Useful when split seconds matter more than correcting errors, like video conferencing, live streaming, and online gaming.

DNS

The ________ is an important system in helping the Internet scale.

World Wide Web

________- a system of linked pages, programs, and files.

design philosophy

The internet is really a(n) ________ expressed in a set of protocols.

Routers

________ choose the cheapest available path for each piece of data.

DNS

________ was created to be an open public communication protocol for government and educational institutions.

World Wide Web

The ________ are files, web pages, and media.

World Wide Web

The ________ is different from the Internet.

ARPANET

Advanced Research Projects Agency Network

Distributed

a distributed packet-switched network

Computing Device

a machine that can run a program, including computers, tablets, servers, routers, and smart sensors

Computing System

a group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose

Computer Network

a group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data

Path

the series of connections between computing devices on a network starting with a sender and ending with a receiver

Bandwith

the maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time, usually measured in bits per second

Internet Service Provider

ISP

Protocol

a well-known set of rules and standards used to communicate between machines (and specify the behavior of some systems)

Internet Protocol

IP

IPv4

provides more than 4 billion unique addresses

IPv6

128 bits per address and 340 undecillion unique addresses

Domain Name System (DNS)

corresponds to the website domain with the IP address

DNA Spoofing

sending people to an imposter website

Router

a type of computer that forwards data across a network

Redundancy

the inclusion of extra components so that a system can continue to work even if individual components fail, for example by having more than 1 path between any 2 connected devices in a network

Main Idea

Like Protocol 1 or clearing out the library as fast as you can, the goal is to send information quickly without worrying about accuracy

Basics of how it works

Send all the packets but dont check if they get through or arrive in the right order

Use in real life

Useful when split seconds matter more than correcting errors, like video conferencing, live streaming, and online gaming

Summary

a protocol for sending packets quickly with minimal error-checking and no resending of dropped packets

Main Idea

Like Protocol 2 or numbering every book in the library

Basics of how it works

Number packets so they can be re-ordered, confirm all were received, and resend any missing packets

Use in real life

Useful when accuracy matters more than saving a split second, like sending emails, photos, or just browsing websites

TCP

manages the sending and receiving of all your data as packets

Direct dedicated connections

impossible to keep things working

"Cheapest"

time, politics, relationships

TCP + Router systems

scalable

Datastream

information passed through the internet in packets

Packet Metadata

data added to packets to help route them through the network and reassemble the original message

Packet

a chunk of data sent over a network

URL

Uniform Resource Locator

HTTP

HyperText Transfer Protocol

HTML

HyperText Markup Language

Cookies

what websites use to remember who you are (an ID number that remembers you)

Digital certificate

ID card proving that it is the website that it claims to be, which is published by

Certificate authorities

trusted entities that verify the identities of websites and issue certificates for them

Scalability

the capacity for the system to change in size and scale to meet new demands

World Wide Web

a system of linked pages, programs, and files

Digital Divide

differing access to computing devices and the Internet, based on socioeconomic, geographic, or demographic characteristics