8. Carboxylic Acid

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Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

IB Chemistry (HL)

Organic Chemistry

11th

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1
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What are the properties of Carboxylic Acids?

  • has a carboxyl group (-COOH/carbonyl and hydroxyl)

  • weak acids (because of the presence of H+ ions)

  • very polar

2
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How are carboxylic acids formed?

controlled oxidation of aldehydes with oxidizing agents

<p>controlled oxidation of aldehydes <em>with oxidizing agents</em></p>
3
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General Structure for Carboxylic Acids

  • R is a hydrocarbon

  • General formula: CₙH₂ₙO₂

<ul><li><p><span style="color: yellow"><strong>R</strong></span> is a hydrocarbon</p></li><li><p>General formula: CₙH₂ₙO₂</p></li></ul><p></p>
4
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How do you name Carboxylic Acids?

  1. first part is the alkane

  2. drop the -e and change it to -oic acid

  3. no need for a locant because the carboxyl is always terminal carbon

5
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Dicarboxylic Acids

  • an acid with 2 carboxyl groups

  • when naming, it goes:

    • full name - location - dioic acid

<ul><li><p>an acid with 2 carboxyl groups</p></li><li><p>when naming, it goes:</p><ul><li><p>full name - location - dioic acid</p></li></ul></li></ul><p></p>
6
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Relationship between volatility and molecule

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