CIS-100 Midterm

What is digital literacy primarily about?

Using tools to actively engage in the computerized world.

What year was the microchip born and what impact did it have?

Born in 1947, it revolutionized computers by making them smaller and faster.

How does a smartphone compare to the Apollo 11 mission's computer?

A smartphone surpasses the computing power of the Apollo 11 mission's computer.

What was ARPANET and when was it developed?

ARPANET emerged in the 1960s from the military's need to share information across bases.

What are TCP and IP?

Essential networking protocols for effective computer communication introduced in the early 1970s.

What significant change occurred around 1990 regarding the internet?

The government gave ownership of the internet to the public, leading to the birth of the World Wide Web.

What is the common misconception between the Internet and the World Wide Web?

They are often confused, but they are not the same.

What does Artificial Intelligence (AI) focus on?

Recognizing patterns and making decisions.

What is one potential application of Virtual Reality (VR)?

Enhancing gaming experiences.

What is quantum computing aiming to achieve?

To go beyond ones and zeros, exploring the next frontier in computer processing.

What is the goal of using machines and robots in computing?

To automate tasks for faster and more consistent performance.

What are the four basic tasks performed by computers?

Accepting, processing, storing information, and outputting results.

How do both computers and the human brain process information?

They use their five senses to accept and process information.

What is the primary language a computer understands?

Binary, consisting of 0s and 1s.

What does a byte consist of?

Eight bits.

What is the function of computer bus systems?

To connect internal and external devices and facilitate data transfer.

What does Hertz measure?

The frequency of a repeating process per second.

What does Giga (G) represent in metric prefixes?

Billions.

What does Kilo (K) represent in metric prefixes?

Thousands.

How is a computer's RAM capacity of 8,000,000 bytes expressed?

8 Megabytes (MB).

Why should you unplug the power cable before working on internal computer parts?

To avoid the risk of electric shock and damage.

How can you discharge static electricity before handling computer components?

By touching something metal, like the computer case.

What is the primary role of an operating system?

To provide an environment for applications to run.

What do applications or programs allow users to do?

Perform specific tasks or activities on a computer.

What does UI stand for in software and device interaction?

User Interface.

What do modern operating systems provide for user interaction?

Graphical interfaces.

How does the operating system manage memory usage for applications?

By setting aside portions of RAM for each application.

What has UEFI replaced in modern computing?

BIOS, providing a user-friendly interface for changes to the startup environment.

What is the purpose of the Power-On Self-Test (POST)?

To check if the hardware is operating as expected during startup.

Why are desktops preferred for applications requiring high processing power?

Because they are preferred over laptops, tablets, or smartphones for processing power and high-end graphics.

What functions do wearable technology devices like smartwatches perform?

Answering calls and checking health metrics.

What is the primary purpose of spreadsheet software?

To organize and calculate data.

How is word processing software used?

For creating and editing documents, similar to pen and paper.

What is a common symptom of software problems on computers?

Frequent computer restarts.

What should you do to resolve software issues and apply bug fixes?

Check for software updates and restart your device.

What should you do if software constantly crashes or slows down the system?

Uninstall and reinstall the problematic software.

How can data security on your computer be improved?

By running a scan for viruses or malware.