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Ap world honors world history study guide, quiz, test, finals, prepare anything regarding the mongols, Chapter 14, Chapter 17
Nomadic Herding
Lifestyle practiced in Central Asia due to vast steppes, desert-like land, and rugged terrain, allowing herders to move livestock for fresh pastures and water sources, more resilient to environmental fluctuations.
Noble Class
Social class in nomadic society with absolute power during conflicts or tribal leader's death, could lose status from leadership failure or defeat in battle, commoners could rise through warfare skill, wealth accumulation, or marrying into noble families.
Nomadic Women
Enjoyed higher status than agricultural societies, undertook various tasks like riding horses, housework, and managing domestic issues, held status in selling or buying family's livestock.
Khan
Tribal chiefs or rulers in Central Asia and Mongol leaders, wielded significant military power, led nomadic people in military campaigns, controlled vast territories.
Genghis Khan
Rose to power through leadership qualities, military success, uniting Mongolian tribes, consolidated power through alliances, military campaigns, and strategic marriages.
Merit-Based System
Introduced by Genghis Khan, rewarded individuals based on abilities, loyalty, and contributions rather than tribal lineage, established unified military command, allowed local leaders autonomy.
Mongol Military
Highly successful due to skilled cavalry, innovative tactics, adaptability, treated defeated enemies well if surrendered, severe consequences for resistance.
Kublai Khan
Pragmatic leader who expanded Mongol Empire by conquering China, establishing Yuan Dynasty, promoting cultural exchange, causing advancements in art, trade, and governance.
Eurasian Integration
Mongol rule benefited trade, diplomatic missions, missionary efforts, and resettlement, facilitated spread of goods, ideas, people, fostered communication, alliances, and cultural exchanges.
Economic Disparities
Contributed to the fall of Mongols in Persia and China, strained resources, corruption among officials, disrupted trade routes, led to social unrest.
Bubonic Plague
Spread by Mongols through trade networks, conquests, accelerated transmission across Eurasia, devastating consequences on population and societies.
Tamerlane
Emulated Genghis Khan's actions, aimed to create vast empire through military conquests, limited success compared to Genghis Khan's enduring legacy.
Ottoman Conquest
Captured Constantinople in 1453, marking end of Byzantium, transformed city into Istanbul, new capital of Ottoman Empire, center of Islamic culture and trade.
Sui Dynasty
Similar to Qin rulers in centralized imperial rule, wielded authority over vast territories, established unified China through legalist policies, standardized writing, and Great Wall construction.
Grand Canal
Massive waterway connecting Yellow and Yangtze Rivers, facilitated transportation, trade, communication between north and south China, lasting impact for over 1000 years.
Tang Taizong
Provided unusual prosperity and stability through merit-based bureaucracy, efficient governance, cultural flourishing, patronage of scholars, artists, poets during Golden Age of Chinese civilization.
Neo-Confucianism
A philosophical movement during the Northern Song Dynasty that combined Confucianism with elements of Daoism and Buddhism.
Moral cultivation
Emphasized by Neo-Confucianism, focusing on ethics and self-improvement.
Social harmony
Neo-Confucianism provided a framework for maintaining social order and harmony within communities.
Korean influence
China influenced Korea through trade, diplomacy, and cultural exchange, leading to the adoption of Confucianism and Chinese rituals.
Vietnamese influence
China influenced Vietnam by introducing Confucian bureaucracy, legal systems, and shaping Vietnamese art and governance.
Japanese cultural influence
China influenced Japan through the adoption of Chinese clothing styles by the Imperial Court.
Distinctive Japanese culture
Despite Chinese influence, Japan maintained its unique cultural identity by developing its own art forms.
Samurai class
Emerged as powerful warriors during Japan's medieval period, replacing aristocracies and serving lords.
Kamakura Shogunate
Marked the dominance of military rulers in Japan, with samurai-led governments lasting until the 19th century.
Bushido code
A code followed by samurai emphasizing loyalty, courage, and honor, contributing to Japan's stability and defending their lords' territories.
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