Mongols Chapter Quiz- AP World, Honors World History Study Guide

Ap world honors world history study guide, quiz, test, finals, prepare anything regarding the mongols, Chapter 14, Chapter 17

Nomadic Herding

Lifestyle practiced in Central Asia due to vast steppes, desert-like land, and rugged terrain, allowing herders to move livestock for fresh pastures and water sources, more resilient to environmental fluctuations.

Noble Class

Social class in nomadic society with absolute power during conflicts or tribal leader's death, could lose status from leadership failure or defeat in battle, commoners could rise through warfare skill, wealth accumulation, or marrying into noble families.

Nomadic Women

Enjoyed higher status than agricultural societies, undertook various tasks like riding horses, housework, and managing domestic issues, held status in selling or buying family's livestock.

Khan

Tribal chiefs or rulers in Central Asia and Mongol leaders, wielded significant military power, led nomadic people in military campaigns, controlled vast territories.

Genghis Khan

Rose to power through leadership qualities, military success, uniting Mongolian tribes, consolidated power through alliances, military campaigns, and strategic marriages.

Merit-Based System

Introduced by Genghis Khan, rewarded individuals based on abilities, loyalty, and contributions rather than tribal lineage, established unified military command, allowed local leaders autonomy.

Mongol Military

Highly successful due to skilled cavalry, innovative tactics, adaptability, treated defeated enemies well if surrendered, severe consequences for resistance.

Kublai Khan

Pragmatic leader who expanded Mongol Empire by conquering China, establishing Yuan Dynasty, promoting cultural exchange, causing advancements in art, trade, and governance.

Eurasian Integration

Mongol rule benefited trade, diplomatic missions, missionary efforts, and resettlement, facilitated spread of goods, ideas, people, fostered communication, alliances, and cultural exchanges.

Economic Disparities

Contributed to the fall of Mongols in Persia and China, strained resources, corruption among officials, disrupted trade routes, led to social unrest.

Bubonic Plague

Spread by Mongols through trade networks, conquests, accelerated transmission across Eurasia, devastating consequences on population and societies.

Tamerlane

Emulated Genghis Khan's actions, aimed to create vast empire through military conquests, limited success compared to Genghis Khan's enduring legacy.

Ottoman Conquest

Captured Constantinople in 1453, marking end of Byzantium, transformed city into Istanbul, new capital of Ottoman Empire, center of Islamic culture and trade.

Sui Dynasty

Similar to Qin rulers in centralized imperial rule, wielded authority over vast territories, established unified China through legalist policies, standardized writing, and Great Wall construction.

Grand Canal

Massive waterway connecting Yellow and Yangtze Rivers, facilitated transportation, trade, communication between north and south China, lasting impact for over 1000 years.

Tang Taizong

Provided unusual prosperity and stability through merit-based bureaucracy, efficient governance, cultural flourishing, patronage of scholars, artists, poets during Golden Age of Chinese civilization.

Neo-Confucianism

A philosophical movement during the Northern Song Dynasty that combined Confucianism with elements of Daoism and Buddhism.

Moral cultivation

Emphasized by Neo-Confucianism, focusing on ethics and self-improvement.

Social harmony

Neo-Confucianism provided a framework for maintaining social order and harmony within communities.

Korean influence

China influenced Korea through trade, diplomacy, and cultural exchange, leading to the adoption of Confucianism and Chinese rituals.

Vietnamese influence

China influenced Vietnam by introducing Confucian bureaucracy, legal systems, and shaping Vietnamese art and governance.

Japanese cultural influence

China influenced Japan through the adoption of Chinese clothing styles by the Imperial Court.

Distinctive Japanese culture

Despite Chinese influence, Japan maintained its unique cultural identity by developing its own art forms.

Samurai class

Emerged as powerful warriors during Japan's medieval period, replacing aristocracies and serving lords.

Kamakura Shogunate

Marked the dominance of military rulers in Japan, with samurai-led governments lasting until the 19th century.

Bushido code

A code followed by samurai emphasizing loyalty, courage, and honor, contributing to Japan's stability and defending their lords' territories.