Anatomy and Physiology Overview

What is the smallest functional unit of life?

The cell.

What are the four main types of tissues in the body?

Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues.

What is homeostasis?

The body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment.

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

Gas exchange, specifically the intake of oxygen and the expulsion of carbon dioxide.

What are the three layers of the skin?

Epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis.

What does the skeletal system provide?

Support, protection, facilitates movement, stores minerals, and produces blood cells.

What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?

Central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).

What is the role of red blood cells (RBCs)?

Transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide.

What is a nephron?

The basic structural and functional unit of the kidney.

What does the lymphatic system do?

Transports lymph, protects against infections, and maintains fluid balance.

What is the function of the liver?

Filters toxins, metabolizes nutrients, and produces bile.

What are the four chambers of the heart?

Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle.

What is the largest organ in the human body?

The skin.

How does the endocrine system regulate body functions?

Through hormones.

What is the main function of the large intestine?

Absorption of water and electrolytes, and formation of feces.

What does the prefix 'brady-' mean?

Slow.

What does the prefix 'hyper-' indicate?

Over or excessive.

What does the suffix '-itis' denote?

Inflammation.

What does the root 'cardio-' relate to?

The heart.

What is cyanosis?

Bluish discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen.

What is hematopoiesis?

The process of blood cell production.

What is the condition known as osteoporosis?

Characterized by porous or brittle bones.