ART-APP-CHAP-5-6

Pre-Historical Painting

Focused on animal spear and other rudimentary materials, drawn on caves, stones, and earth-filled ground.

Greek Art

Formative or Pre-Greek Period focused on sea and nature, First Greek Period largely influenced by Egypt, Golden Age characterized by heightened individualism and tragic mood, Hellenistic Period characterized by contorted faces and Lacaustic Painting.

Roman Art

Etruscan Period focused on ancestor worship, Roman Period focused on commemorative statues and frescoes.

Medieval Period

Early Christian Art focused on symbols and spiritual expression, Byzantine art focused on Christ and Mary, Gothic art focused on religious and grotesque themes.

Franco-Flemish Painting

Utilized portable easel paintings and oil paintings, incorporated landscape through the open window technique.

Renaissance Art

Early Renaissance focused on simplicity and fresco technique, High Renaissance emphasized deepening pictorial space and dramatic skies, Mannerism Period focused on human figure and sumptuous colors.

Baroque Art

Ornate and fantastic painting style, emphasized emotion and dramatic effects.

Rococo Art

Emphasized voluptuousness and picturesque presentation, used soft pastel colors.

Romantic Art

Depicted the painter's reactions to past events, landscape, and people, richer than Rococo art.

19th Century Painting (Modern Art)

Aimed to please the public, included Impressionists and Expressionists.

Sculpture

Aesthetic art, technique of modeling, tri-dimensional form.

Prehistoric Sculpture

Carved rude forms in stones and woods to commemorate heroes and heroines.

Egyptian Sculpture

First Dynastic Period focused on sun, moon, stars, and sacred animals, Old Kingdom Period emphasized portrait sculpture, Middle Kingdom Period depicted individual moods, New Kingdom Period depicted lifelike and vigorous figures.

Greek Sculpture

Dedalic Period used marble and depicted nude male statues, Classical Age emphasized the human body, Later Greek Period depicted figures with little or no clothing.

Roman Sculpture

Represented in bust forms, showed individual imperfections.

Byzantine Sculpture

Early Byzantine period used symbols and signs, Later Byzantine period used statues, depicted tall and dignified figures.

Romanesque Sculpture

Depicted biblical characters and human figures, characterized by flat and elongated-looking figures.

Gothic Sculpture

Gave human figures a natural and life-like look, depicted figures with garments.

Renaissance Sculpture

Early Renaissance focused on detailed anatomical shapes, Middle Renaissance became more secular, Later Renaissance depicted legends and myths.

Baroque Sculpture

Depicted beauty and emotion, ornate and fantastic.

Rococo Sculpture

Designed for ornamental purposes, highly ornate and exquisite.

19th Century Sculpture

Neo-classical trend depicted perfect human anatomy, Romantic-Realistic trend depicted realistic figures with psychological attitudes.

20th Century Sculpture

Mainly concerned with the human body, included abstract and geometric shapes.

Architecture

Neolithic Age and New Stone Age used caves for shelter and religious ceremonies.

Ancient World Architecture

Mesopotamia had ziggurats and temples, Ancient Egypt had mastabas and pyramids, Aegean and Ancient Greek architecture had palaces and temples, Etruscan and Ancient Roman architecture had various structures.

Medieval Architecture

Early Christian architecture included basilicas and martyriums, Islamic architecture had mosques and palaces.

Islamic Architecture

The development of a new kind of interior space, using the Roman and Byzantine dome as a point of departure.

Carolinian Architecture

Characterized by an emphasis on the westwork and the temporal power of the emperor.

Romanesque Architecture

Characterized by bay system, cross-or groin-vaulting, semi-circular arches, massive enclosing walls, and incorporation of towers into the church building proper.

Gothic Architecture

Features pointed arches, flying buttresses, and rib vaults.

Renaissance Architecture in Italy

Characterized by double shell domes built according to Gothic style and simple proportional relationships between spaces and enclosing surfaces.

Baroque Architecture

Originally meant "old, irregular, and grotesque," it consists of two centers and a path connecting them.

Romanticism

Architecture style from 1750-1850 characterized by linear, stiffer, and geometrically regular designs.

Architecture of the Engineers

Includes bridges, railroad stations, and large halls for work and exhibitions, showcasing new ideas and materials like iron and steel.

International Style

Architects like Walter Gropius and Le Mies focused on the emotional and physical well-being of man, with urban planning aimed at providing a healthy city environment.

Ancient Near-Eastern Art

Impressive palace and temple structures and decorative-art objects from West Asia.

Islamic Art

Largely aniconic, influenced by the condemnation of idol worship in the Holy Book of Islam.

Hindu Art

Associated with Vedic texts and Brahmanic practitioners, featuring sculptures of gods like Vishnu and Shiva.

Buddhist Art

Includes stupas, chaitya halls, and Buddha's image, with symbols like the urna, wheel, lotus, webbed fingers, and elongated earlobes.

Ajanta

A pilgrimage site in India with 29 cave temples, the most important repository of early Buddhist paintings.

Chinese Art

Neolithic pottery, the Great Wall, and Terra Cotta Soldiers during the Qing Dynasty.

Korean Art

Neolithic "comb pattern" pottery, bronze objects, Buddhist-themed sculptures, and landscape paintings during the Koryo and Yi dynasties.

Japanese Art

Divided into Joman, Yayoi, and Kofun periods, featuring ritual ceramic pots, bronzes, and paintings.