Chapters 4-6 test

Navigation Act of 1651

laws that restricted colonial trade; goods going to and from the colonies
had to be in English ships; colonial products (*tobacco) were to be shipped only to England

Seven Years War

War between British and France over disputed territory in North America

Why did the Proclamation of 1763 anger the colonists?

They had fought for that land and they believed the King was trying to regulate and keep them pinned along the Atlantic Coast

Quartering Act

Colonist were ordered to provide food, housing, and transportation for British

Stamp Act

Required all paper products to carry an official stamp showing a tax had been paid

Sons of Liberty

Secret political organization that protested British taxes and laws; did NOT carry weapons

Sam Adams and Patrick Henry

Some of Liberty member who organized a “circular letter” denouncing taxation without representation; Patriot Lawyer- “Give me liberty or give me death”

Tea Act

Eliminated import duties on tea which made Britain tea cheaper

Boston Massacre

A mob of colonist harassed British soldiers who then fired their muskets into the crowd

Boston Tea Party

A group of men go to Boston Harbor (were dressed as NA) boarded British ships and dumped 45 tons of tea

Intolerable Acts

Closed Boston Harbor until the East Indian Tea Company was repaid; The Quartering Act was extended into public building; British officials would not be tried in colonial courts

Paul Revere

Patriot who made the midnight ride warning Americans that the British were coming

Lexington and Concord

British wanted to capture armor and ammunition stored at Concord; when they reached Lexington the militia confronts them- “The shot heard around the world”; British continued to Concord and both sides exchanged fire; 300 British killed; British run back to Boston

Thomas Paine and Common Sense

Pamphlet asking Patriots to declare independence that appeared to the lower and middle class; the Declaration of Independence

Declaration of Independence

July 4, 1774, all men were created equal and given unalienable rights by their creator

Loyalist & Patriots

Enemy of Revolution, believed separation from Britain was illegal, Redcoats continental army, Blue coats, Farmers and Frontier men provided their own weapons

Battle of Seretoga

American troops surrounded the British and captured an entire army and all their weapons; the French join the Americans which gives them supplies

Valley Forge & Friedrich von Steuben

The CA lacked supplies and food and stayed at Valley Forge for the winter; 2000 died from disease; German soldiers hired to motivate and train the men at Valley Forge

Battle of Yorktown & Lord Charles Cornwallis

A French fleet joins the Americans; Lafayette and Washington arrive; they battle for 3 weeks until British surrendered; Cornwallis command British

Treaty of Paris 1783

Ends the war; British gave America all the land between the East coast and MS river; British military was removed

Articles of Confederation

1776; first proposed national government; government lacked the power to wage war, make treaties, impose taxes; unicameral legislature

Shay’s Rebellion

Farmers did not have money to pay their taxes, many put in jail, Daniel Shay leads a rebellion to courts in Massachusetts and is eventually stopped; nation government is weak

Virginia Plan

Bicameral legislature; number of representatives based on population

New Jersey Plan

Unicameral legislature, every state has one vote

Great Compromise

Bicameral legislature; House of Representatives based on population, senate has 2 senators

3/5 Clause

Every 5 slaves is counted as 3 free people for taxation and representation

Systems of Checks & Balances

Each branch’s has listed powers; can be used as a restraint on the other branch

Federalists

Favored a strong central government, believed educators should make political decisions

Anti federalists

Favored a strong state government, believed in democracy, all people have a voice

Bill of Rights

First 10 amendments that protected the rights of the people

Alexander Hamilton

First US senator of treasury

Whiskey Rebellion

Americans were angry about the tax of whiskey; attacked tax collectors and noted;

XYZ Affair

American diplomats sent to France’s to discuss the seizing of American US ships

Sedition Act

Prohibited any expressions of false statements against the government

Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions

V- Madison; state legislature have the right to judge the constitutionality of laws to protect citizens

K-Jefferson; states called nullify objections federal laws

Both showed the states could challenge the federal government