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Litmus Test
A method to determine the acidity or basicity of a solution based on color change.
Acidic Salt
A salt formed from a strong acid and a weak base, indicated by a red/orange litmus result.
Neutral Salt
A salt formed from a strong acid and a strong base, indicated by a green litmus result.
Basic Salt
A salt formed from a weak acid and a strong base, indicated by a blue/purple litmus result.
Strong Acid
An acid with no hydroxyl groups grouped together and at least two or more oxygen atoms bonded to hydrogen.
Strong Base
A base that does not contain carbon (C) or nitrogen (N).
Metal Cation
The positively charged ion derived from the base in a salt.
Group 1 or Group 2 Metals
Categories of metals that can form salts with strong bases, used to identify metal cations.
Sodium Carbonate Test
A test to determine the group of a metal cation; no reaction indicates Group 1, while a precipitate indicates Group 2.
Transition Metal
A metal cation that is part of a weak base, identifiable through solubility and color properties.
Strong Acids
Acids such as HCl, HI, HNO3, HClO4, H2SO4, and HBr that can form salts.
Silver Nitrate Test
A test used to identify anions in salts, where different precipitate colors indicate different anions.
Precipitate Colors
The observable colors formed when testing with silver nitrate; e.g., white for chloride, cream for bromide, yellow for iodide.
Weak Acid
An acid that is not classified as a strong acid and can form salts with weak bases.
Solubility Table
A reference used to determine the solubility of various salts and their components.
Amphoteric Substance
A substance that can act as both a weak acid and a weak base, often indicative of transition metals.
Slightly Soluble
A term describing substances that do not dissolve completely, resulting in a milky or granular appearance.
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