ethics test 2

Moral Philosophy

The specific principles or values people use to decide what is right and wrong.

Trolley Problem

A moral dilemma where you must choose between doing nothing and allowing five people to die or taking an action that will save the five but kill one person.

Teleology

A moral philosophy where an act is considered right if it produces a desired result.

Utilitarianism

A teleological philosophy that seeks the greatest good for the greatest number of people.

Deontology

A moral philosophy that focuses on the rights of individuals and intentions behind actions.

Categorical Imperative

The idea that an act is ethical if your rationale could become a universal principle.

Relativist Perspective

The view that ethical behavior is derived subjectively from experiences.

Virtue Ethics

A moral philosophy that argues ethical behavior involves conventional moral standards.

Distributive Justice

A form of justice based on evaluating the outcomes of a business relationship.

Procedural Justice

A form of justice that considers the processes producing a particular outcome.

Interactional Justice

A form of justice based on relationships between organizational members.

5 D’s of Ethical Analysis

Describe, discern, display, decide, defend.

Heinz Dilemma

A moral dilemma about whether a man should steal a drug to save his dying wife.

Ethical Issue Intensity

The relevance of an event or decision in the eyes of individuals or organizations.

Locus of Control

The perception of how much control one has over events in their life.

Blind Spot Model

A model suggesting wrongdoers are often unaware of the moral issues at stake.

Veil of Ignorance

A thought experiment where principles are formulated without knowing one's future position.

Difference Principle

Economic and social inequalities should benefit the least-advantaged members of society.

Corporate Culture

Shared beliefs and values that influence employee behavior within an organization.

Sarbanes-Oxley 404

A regulation requiring firms to assess and audit the effectiveness of their internal controls.

Compliance Culture

A legalistic approach to ethics focused on adherence to codes of conduct.

Values-Based Ethics Culture

A culture relying on a mission statement that defines core values and integrity.

Differential Association

The idea that people learn behaviors through interactions with others.

Whistle-Blowing

Exposing an employer’s wrongdoing to outsiders for potential financial incentives.

Centralized Organization

An organization where decision-making authority is concentrated at the top levels.

Decentralized Organization

An organization where decision-making authority is delegated down the chain of command.

Group Norms

Standards of behavior that groups expect of their members.

Asch Conformity Experiment

An experiment showing how people conform to group norms even if they are wrong.

Milgram Experiment

An experiment demonstrating how people obey authority figures against personal morals.

Groupthink

A phenomenon where groups prioritize harmony over critical thinking.