ethics test 2

Flashcard 1
Q: What is moral philosophy?
A: The specific principles or values people use to decide what is right and wrong.

Flashcard 2
Q: What is the Trolley Problem?
A: A moral dilemma where you must choose between doing nothing and allowing five people to die or taking an action that will save the five but kill one person.

Flashcard 3
Q: What is teleology in moral philosophy?
A: A moral philosophy where an act is considered right if it produces a desired result, such as pleasure, utility, or wealth.

Flashcard 4
Q: What is utilitarianism?
A: A teleological philosophy that seeks the greatest good for the greatest number of people.

Flashcard 5
Q: What is deontology?
A: A moral philosophy that focuses on the rights of individuals and the intentions behind actions, rather than the consequences.

Flashcard 6
Q: What is the categorical imperative in deontology?
A: The idea that an act is ethical if you would be comfortable allowing everyone in the world to see you commit it and if your rationale could become a universal principle.

Flashcard 7
Q: What is the relativist perspective in ethics?
A: The view that ethical behavior is derived subjectively from the experiences of individuals and groups.

Flashcard 8
Q: What is virtue ethics?
A: A moral philosophy that argues ethical behavior involves adhering to conventional moral standards and considering what a morally mature person would do.

Flashcard 9
Q: What is distributive justice?
A: A form of justice based on the evaluation of the outcomes or results of a business relationship.

Flashcard 10
Q: What is procedural justice?
A: A form of justice that considers the processes and activities that produce a particular outcome.

Flashcard 11
Q: What is interactional justice?
A: A form of justice based on the relationships between organizational members, including how employees and management treat one another.

Flashcard 12
Q: What are the 5 D’s of ethical analysis?
A: Describe, discern, display, decide, defend.

Flashcard 13
Q: What is the Heinz dilemma?
A: A moral dilemma where a man must decide whether to steal a drug to save his dying wife, highlighting conflicts between law and morality.

Flashcard 14
Q: What is ethical issue intensity?
A: The relevance or importance of an event or decision in the eyes of the individual, work group, or organization.

Flashcard 15
Q: What is locus of control?
A: The perception of how much control one has over events in their life, which can evolve over time.

Flashcard 16
Q: What is the blind spot model?
A: A model suggesting that wrongdoers are often unaware they are in a dilemma or of the moral issues at stake, acting on autopilot.

Flashcard 17
Q: What is the veil of ignorance?
A: A thought experiment where individuals formulate principles without knowing their future position in society, aiming for fairness.

Flashcard 18
Q: What is the difference principle?
A: A principle stating that economic and social inequalities should be arranged to benefit the least-advantaged members of society.

Flashcard 19
Q: What is corporate culture?
A: The shared beliefs, values, norms, and artifacts that influence employees and determine behavior within an organization.

Flashcard 20
Q: What is Sarbanes-Oxley 404?
A: A regulation requiring firms to assess the effectiveness of their internal controls and commission audits to expose mismanagement or fraud.

Flashcard 21
Q: What is a compliance culture?
A: A legalistic approach to ethics focused on risk management and adherence to codes of conduct, often lacking long-term focus on values.

Flashcard 22
Q: What is a values-based ethics culture?
A: A culture that relies on an explicit mission statement defining core values and how employees and customers should be treated, emphasizing integrity.

Flashcard 23
Q: What is differential association?
A: The idea that people learn ethical or unethical behavior through interactions with others, particularly those in their role-sets or personal groups.

Flashcard 24
Q: What is whistle-blowing?
A: Exposing an employer’s wrongdoing to outsiders, such as the media or government regulatory agencies, sometimes for financial incentives.

Flashcard 25
Q: What is a centralized organization?
A: An organization where decision-making authority is concentrated in the hands of top-level managers, with little delegation to lower levels.

Flashcard 26
Q: What is a decentralized organization?
A: An organization where decision-making authority is delegated as far down the chain of command as possible, allowing for quicker reactions to changes.

Flashcard 27
Q: What are group norms?
A: Standards of behavior that groups expect of their members, defining acceptable and unacceptable behavior within the group.

Flashcard 28
Q: What is the Asch conformity experiment?
A: An experiment demonstrating how people tend to conform to group norms, even when they know the group is wrong.

Flashcard 29
Q: What is the Milgram experiment?
A: An experiment showing how people tend to obey authority figures, even when instructed to perform actions that conflict with their personal morals.

Flashcard 30
Q: What is groupthink?
A: A phenomenon where people in a group prioritize harmony and conformity over critical thinking, leading to poor decision-making.