ap aas- unit 2 vocab

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carracks/caravels

carracks/caravels

portuguese sailing ships with two or three masts and powered by both triangular and square sails

Guanches

indigenous ppl who lived in Canary Islands. Fought against Spanish, but were eventually conquered.

Taino Indians

native inhabitants of Hispaniola, resisted spanish rule and use of encomienda system

encomienda

permitted the Spaniards to collect tribute — in the form of labor, gold, or other goods — from the native peoples they controlled

ladinos

Latinized blacks who had lived most if not all of their early lives in Spain or Portugal or in those countries’ Atlantic or American colonies. Spoke Spanish or Portuguese and had no sympathy for the indigenous peoples of the Americas.

bozales

African born spanish slaves that were forced to do the hardest work

Elmina Castle

Earliest slave trade center. Originally portuguese trading post.

asiento

trade agreements that authorized European merchants to ship enslaved Africans directly from Africa to New Spain.

triangle trade

transport of European copper, beads, guns, ammunition, textiles, and other manufactured goods to the West African coast. Slaves were transported to the New World. The ships then returned to their European ports of origin, laden with profitable slave-grown crops, including sugar, tobacco, rice, and indigo and later cotton

Middle Passage

infamous and dangerous phase where slave ships transported enslaved blacks from the West African coast to the slave ports of the New World

coffles

chained groups where slaves are bound together as they march to prevent escape

barracoons

temporary barracks where Africans were held

bilboes

consisted of two iron shackles locked on a post and usually fastened around the ankles of two men. Joined in this way, the captives were hobbled like competitors in some macabre three- legged race.

tight packing

to maximize profits by packing the ship to capacity with enslaved people