ME 1201 Chapter 10 Overview of the Product Development Process

What is engineering design?

The process of devising a product or component to ,eet desired results needs and specifications within constraints.

Constraints?

Cost, aesthetics, manufacturability, maintainability, sustainability, regulations

The results of the design process have a great effect on

Product quality

What is a competency?

A cluster of related knowledge, skills, and abilities

What is the PDP?

Sequence of steps pr activities a company uses to conceive, design, and commercialize a product

Market-pull product?

The company begins with a marker opportunity then uses available tech to require the market need

PDP starts when…

A product mission statement is established

PDP ends when…

The product is launched and available in the market

For each product the company plans to develop…

A product mission statement and core team are formed

The product mission statement serves as a

Starting point for development effort

The product mission statement doesn't…

Prescribe how the product will be

Product mission statement includes

Brief product description, product benefit proposition, key business goals, primary and secondary markers for the product, assumptions or constraints regarding the product, stakeholders

For each key activity of the PDP

a method is proposed and used

To support certain activities of the PDP, what tools are used?

computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided Engineering (CAE), Rapid Prototyping, and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)

Phases of Generic PDP for market-pull products of low to moderate conplexity

Concept development, system-level design, detail design, testing and refinement, production ramp-up

To increase chances of success, the product development team must

Follow PDP without skipping steps, conduct each step thoroughly

What are customers?

All the products stakeholders

What is a product concept?

An approximate description of the tech, working principles, and form of the product

During concept development

Customer needs are identified, competitor products are benchmarked, target specifications for the product are established, product concepts are generated and one is picked, final product specifications are set, a plan for remaining phases are prepared

What does system-level design include?

The definition of the product architecture and the division of the product into subsystems and components

What phase is the final assembly scheme for the product system defined?

System-level design

What is the architecture of a product?

The scheme by which the functional elements of the product are arranged into physical chunks that imteract

What does establishimg the architecture of a product involve?

Creating a schematic of the product, clustering the elements of the schematic, creating a rough geometric layout, identifying fundamental and incidental interactions

When does the architecture of the product start to emerge?

During the concept development phase

What does detail design include?

The complete specifications of the geometry materials and tolerances of all unique parts and the identification of all standard parts to be purchased

What phase is a manufacturing plan established and tooling designed for each part to be fabricated within the production system?

Detail design

The knowledge of math, science, and technical courses of undergrad engineering provide the foundation for what PDP phase?

Detail design

During what phase do engineers do all required tech calculations to finalize the design of each part?

Detail design

Computer simulations are commonly used during the…

Detail design of mechanical components

Which phase focuses on product verification and validation?

Testing and refinement

Product verification question 1

Is the product built consistent with all the drawings and design specification generated during the detail design phase?

Product verification question 2

Are you building the product right?

Product validation question 1

Does the product built actually meet the needs of the stakeholders?

Product validation question 2

Are you building the right product?

Verification is always against

Technical specifications

Validation is always against

Real world or customer needs

What phase involves the construction and evaluation of multiple pre-production versions of the product?

Testing and refinement

Early (alpha) prototypes are built with

Production intent parts

What are production intent parts?

Parts with same geometry and material properties as intended for production version of product but not necessarily fabricated with the actual process to be used in production

Later (beta) prototypes are usually built with

Parts supplied by the intended production process but may not be assembled using intended final assembly process

Any design issues or potential improvements are addressed during what phase?

Testing and refinement

During the production ramp-up phase, the product is made using the

Intended production system

Purpose of the production ramp-up phase?

To train the workforce and to work out any remaining problems in the production process

Who are products built during production ramp-up supplied to and why?

Preferred customers to be carefully evaluated to identify remaining issues

The transition from production ramp-up to ongoing production is typically

Gradual and continuous

What is a prototype

An entity that approximates one or more aspects of the product that are of interest to the product development team

Prototype first dimension classification

To the degree to which a prototype is physical as opposed to analytical

Prototype classification along the second dimension

To the degree to which the prototype is comprehensive as opposed to focused

Examples of prototypes

Concept sketches, mathmatical models, fully functional pre-production versions of the product

What are the alpha and beta prototypes of the testing and refinement phase of the PDP considered?

Comprehensive physical prototypes

What does the term “design for x” refer to

The use of a formal method to optimize a specific aspect of a product

What is “x” in the term “design for x” replaced by

The aspect of interest

Design for x examples

Design for manufacturing, assembly, environment/sustainability, serviceability/maintainability, reliability, inspection, safety

What is the life cycle of a product?

Series of stages a product passes

What does the life cycle of a product depend on?

Nature, purpose, use, and prevailing circumstances of that product

During the PDP what must one take into consideration?

The remaining stages of the life cycle of the product

Product life cycle stages

Market opportunity, planning, design and development, production, utilization, maintenance and support/upgrades, retirement and disposal

PDP presented is not for

Complex products like airplanes or design of software

Development process for complex products

Comceptual development, preliminary system design, detailed design, construction/testing/validation and startup, operations and expansion