Studied by 4 people
consciousness
the state of being awake and aware of one's surroundings
heredity
the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another
heritability
the proportion of variation among individuals in a group that we can attribute to genes
molecular behavior genetics
the study of how the structure and functions of genes interact with our environment to influence behavior
epigenetics
The study of changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression rather than alteration of the genetic code itself
circadian rhythm
our biological clock; is a regular bodily rhythm that occurs on a 24-hour cycle
alpha waves
the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state
delta waves
the slow, large brain waves associated with the deep sleep stage, NREM-3
suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)
a pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus controls the circadian rhythm.
dissociation
the disconnection or separation of something from something else or the state of being disconnected
psychoactive drug
a chemical substance that alters perception and moods
posthypnotic suggestions
a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized
NREM-1
Dosing off, half in half out, may resemble hallucinating, but brain waves similar to being awake
NREM-2
Brain waves start to “spindle”, meaning there are short bursts
NREM-3
The deepest sleep brain waves are large (delta waves) and they are very hard to wake
rapid eye movement (REM)
about every 60-90 minutes of sleep, our body enters a state of REM
insomnia
an inability to sleep; chronic sleeplessness
insomnia potential causes
stress, anxiety, conflicted thoughts, depression, sleeping pills and alcohol
narcolepsy
sudden and uncontrollable episodes of deep sleep
hypocretin
a neurotransmitter that exerts important influences over sleep
sleep apnea
temporary stop of breathing that occurs during sleep
night terrors
a person does not wake yet screams/yells in terror
lucid dreaming
the dreamer becomes aware that they are dreaming while dreaming
REM Rebound
the compensatory increase of the frequency, depth, and intensity of REM sleep following sleep deprivation
manifest content
the storyline of dreams is impacted by the previous day’s experiences
latent content
hidden meaning of a fantasy or dream
activation-synthesis theory
Neurons fire randomly while we sleep and our brain attempts to make sense of the randomness
meditation
A deep state of relaxation
hypnosis
a state that resembles sleep but that is induced by suggestion
environmental factors
parents, early experience, peers, culture
gender roles
the expectations set upon us by our culture
gender identity
which gender do we identify with more
gender typing
we learn about masculine and feminine traits. we then act accordingly to which gender we identify with
social learning theory
we imitate
gender schema theory
we learn about what it means to be male or female through our culture
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