Sports Med 1; Foot and Ankle; Part 1

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34 Terms

1
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How many bones are in a foot?
26
2
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how many phalanges are in a foot
14
3
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how many metatarsals are in a foot
5
4
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how many tarsals are in a foot
7
5
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Where is the hallux located?
big toe
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Plantar Fascia
Thick fibrous tissue that covers the plantar surface of the foot, covers from the calcaneus to the heads of the metatarsals
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metatarsophalangeal joint(MTP)
joints at the heads of the metatarsals
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proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP)
between proximal and middle phalanges
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distal interphalangeal joint (DIP)
joint between middle and distal phalanges
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Interphalangeal (IP) Joints
connects the hallux to proximal phalanges
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tarsometatarsal joint
Connects the tarsal bones to the metatarsal bones
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On a Right foot, where is the fifth metatarsal
on the far right of the foot (by pinky toe)
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Medial Longitudinal arch
Arch extending from the heel to the hallux(highest arch)
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lateral longitudinal arch
Arch extending from the heel to the little toe
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transverse arch
an arch which crosses from one side of the nave to the other side at a 90 degree angle
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metatarsal arch
across metatarsal heads
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pes cavus
high arch
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pes planus
flat foot
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Tibia
Weight bearing bone, forms the meidal malleolus
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Fibula
non-weight bearing bone, forms the lateral malleolus
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Talus
second largest tarsal, rest on calcaneus, forms a link between the lower leg and the foot
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calcaneus
heel bone, largest tarsal, conveys body weight to the ground. attaches achilles tendon and other structures to the plantar surface of the foot
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tibiofibular joint
joint between tibia and fibula, proximal to the knee, distal to the ankle.
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Talocrudal joint
hinge joint, formed by tibia, fibula and talus(plantar flexion and dorsiflexion)
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subtalar joint
a joint in the ankle found between the talus and calcaneus, Inversion and eversion
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anterior talofibular ligament(ATF)
resists plantar flexion and inversion
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calcaneofibular ligament(CF)
resists inversion
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posterior talofibular ligament(PTF)
resists dorsiflexion and inversion
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Anterior tibiofibular ligament
Resists separation of tibia and fibula
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posterior tibiofibular ligament
resists separation of tibia and fibula
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Deltoid(medial ligmanet)
primary resistance to eversion, helps maintain longitudinal arch
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Gait Cycle
Gait is the way we walk or run
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Stance Phase
60% of gait cycle, weight bearing, 5 periods
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Swing Phase
40% of gait cycle, non weight bearing, three periods