muscular system Ai generated

Articulations

Joints where two bones interconnect.

Synarthrosis

A type of joint with no movement; examples include sutures and gomphosis.

Amphiarthrosis

A type of joint that allows little movement; examples include symphysis and syndesmosis.

Diarthrosis

A type of joint that allows free movement; characterized by a complex structure such as synovial joints.

Articular Cartilage

Cartilage that resembles hyaline cartilage and provides a smooth surface to reduce friction in joints.

Synovial Fluid

Fluid produced at the synovial membrane that lubricates articular cartilage, provides nutrients, and absorbs shock.

Joint Capsule

A dense and fibrous structure that surrounds a joint, continuous with the periosteum of each bone.

Bursa

A small pocket filled with synovial fluid that reduces friction and acts as a shock absorber in areas where tendons or ligaments rub against other tissues.

Fat Pads

Adipose tissue covered by synovial fluid that protects articular cartilages and acts as packing material for joints.

Meniscus

A crescent-shaped pad of fibrous cartilage located between bones in a joint.

Intrinsic Ligaments

Localized thickening of the joint capsule that provides strength and support; e.g., capsular ligament.

Extrinsic Ligaments

Ligaments that are separate from the joint capsule; can be intracapsular or extracapsular, such as cruciate ligaments and patellar ligaments.