Destination B1 - Unit 30 (Vocabulary): Body and lifestyle

affect

(v) to have an influence on someone or something, or to cause a change in someone or something. "Both buildings were badly affected by the fire."

balance

(v) to put your body or something else into a position where it is steady and does not fall; (n) a state where different things happen in equal or proper amounts. "She balanced the tray on her head.", "The company is trying to strike a balance between profits and safety."

benefit

(v) to get help or an advantage from something; (n) an advantage such as money or a feeling of being helped. "Thousands of people could benefit from the new medical system.", "One of the many benefits of swimming is that it improves flexibility."

breathe

(v) to take air into your lungs and send it out again. "The room was so full that I could hardly breathe."

chew

(v) to crush food into smaller pieces with the teeth. "She chewed her sandwich slowly."

chop

(v) to cut something into pieces with a knife, axe, etc. "Chop the onions finely."

contain

(v) to have something inside or include something as part. "The bottle contains a litre of water."

cough

(v) to force air out of your lungs suddenly with a short sound; (n) the act of coughing. "He coughed all night.", "She has a bad cough."

cure

(v) to make someone healthy again after an illness; (n) a medicine or medical treatment that makes an illness go away. "Doctors cured him of the disease.", "There is still no cure for the common cold."

exercise

(v) to do physical activities to stay healthy; (n) physical activity that you do to stay healthy and strong. "You should exercise regularly.", "Swimming is one of the best forms of exercise."

flu

(n) an illness like a very bad cold, caused by a virus. "My whole family had the flu last winter."

have an operation

(v phr) to have a medical treatment in which a doctor cuts open your body to repair or remove something. "She had an operation on her knee last year."

healthy

(adj) strong and not ill; good for your body. "A healthy diet includes plenty of fruit and vegetables."

ignore

(v) to pay no attention to someone or something. "She chose to ignore his advice."

infection

(n) a condition in which bacteria or viruses that cause disease have entered the body. “If the infection is not checked it will probably spread to the upper body.”

ingredient

(n) one of the foods or liquids that you use to make a particular dish. "Flour is the main ingredient in bread."

injury

(n) physical damage to a person’s body. "He suffered a serious head injury."

limit

(v) to control the amount of something; (n) the greatest amount of something that is possible or allowed. "The government is trying to limit pollution.", "The speed limit on this road is 50 km/h."

meal

(n) an occasion when you eat food, especially breakfast, lunch, or dinner. "We usually eat three meals a day."

pill

(n) a small, hard piece of medicine that you swallow. "She takes a pill every morning."

recover

(v) to become healthy or normal again after being ill or injured. "It took him a long time to recover from the operation."

salty

(adj) tasting of or containing salt. "This soup is too salty."

slice

(v) to cut something into thin, flat pieces; (n) a flat, thin piece of food cut from a larger piece. "Slice the bread before serving.", "Would you like a slice of cake?"

sour

(adj) having a taste like a lemon or vinegar. "The milk smells sour."

spicy

(adj) having a strong taste because spices have been used to flavor it. "I love spicy food."

stir

(v) to move a liquid or substance around with a spoon or stick. "Stir the sauce gently until it thickens."

taste

(v) to put food or drink in your mouth to find out what it is like; (n) the particular flavor that something has. "She tasted the soup before adding more salt.", "I like the taste of fresh strawberries."

treatment

(n) something done to cure an illness or injury. "She is receiving treatment for cancer."

suffer

(v) to experience pain or an unpleasant situation. "Many people suffer from back pain."

vitamin

(n) a natural substance in food that your body needs to stay healthy. "Vitamin C is found in oranges and other citrus fruit."

cut down (on)

(phr v) to reduce the amount of something. "I’m trying to cut down on sugar."

fall down

(phr v) to suddenly go from standing to lying on the ground. "He fell down the stairs."

get over

(phr v) to become well again after an illness. "It took her weeks to get over the flu."

go off

(phr v) if food goes off, it becomes too bad to eat. "This milk smells like it has gone off."

lie down

(phr v) to put your body flat on something, usually to rest. "He lay down on the bed."

put on

(phr v) to become heavier and fatter. "She’s put on a lot of weight recently."

sit down

(phr v) to move your body into a sitting position. "Please sit down and relax."

stand up

(phr v) to rise from sitting or lying to be on your feet. "Everyone stood up when the teacher came in."

at night

(prep. phr) during the night. "I can’t sleep at night."

at risk

(prep. phr) in danger of being harmed. "Children are most at risk from accidents in the home."

in addition (to)

(prep. phr) as well (as). "In addition to his teaching job, he also writes novels."

in comparison to/with

(prep. phr) when something is compared with another thing. "This car is cheap in comparison with that one."

in shape

(prep. phr) healthy and physically fit. "She keeps in shape by jogging every morning."

on a diet

(prep. phr) eating less food, or only particular kinds of food, because you want to lose weight. "I’m on a diet, so I can’t eat cake."

bake

(v) to cook food in an oven without using extra liquid or fat. "She baked a delicious cake."

baker

(n) someone who makes bread and cakes, especially as their job. "The baker gets up early every morning."

bakery

(n) a place where bread and cakes are made or sold. "We stopped at the bakery to buy some croissants."

bend

(v) to move your body or part of your body so that it is not straight; (n) a curve in a road or river. "She bent down to pick up the coin.", "Be careful driving around that bend."

bent

(adj) not straight. "The metal bar was bent out of shape."

cook

(v) to prepare food by heating it. "He’s cooking dinner right now.”

cooker

(n) a large piece of kitchen equipment used for cooking food. "We need a new gas cooker."

cookery

(n) the art or activity of preparing and cooking food. "She teaches Italian cookery classes."

intend

(v) to have a plan or purpose in your mind. "I intend to study medicine."

intention

(n) something that you plan to do. "She had no intention of visiting him again."

intentional

(adj) done on purpose, not by accident. "It was an intentional act of kindness."

jog

(v) to run slowly for exercise. "He jogs every morning."

jogging

(n) the activity of running slowly for exercise. "Jogging is good for your health."

jogger

(n) someone who runs slowly for exercise. "The park is full of joggers in the morning."

medicine

(n) a substance taken to treat an illness. "Did you take your medicine?"

medical

(adj) relating to medicine or the treatment of illness. "She needs medical attention."

pain

(n) an unpleasant physical feeling caused by injury or illness. "He felt a sharp pain in his chest."

painful

(adj) causing pain. "It was a painful operation."

painless

(adj) causing no physical pain. "The procedure is quick and painless."

reduce

(v) to make something smaller in size, amount, or degree. "The company is planning to reduce its staff."

reduction

(n) the act of making something smaller in size, amount, or degree. "There has been a reduction in crime."

sense

(n) one of the natural abilities of the body, such as sight or hearing; a general feeling or understanding. "She had a strong sense that she was being watched."

sensible

(adj) reasonable, practical, and showing good judgment. "That seems like a sensible decision."

sensitive

(adj) easily upset or affected; quick to detect or respond to something. “She has sensitive skin."

weigh

(v) to measure how heavy someone or something is. "He weighs about 70 kilos."

weight

(n) how heavy someone or something is. "She lost a lot of weight."

addicted to

liking or doing something so much that you cannot stop. "He’s addicted to video games."

allergic to

having a medical condition in which your body reacts badly to something. "She’s allergic to peanuts."

covered in/with

having a layer of something on the surface. "The floor was covered with dust."

pleased with

feeling happy or satisfied about something. "She was very pleased with her exam results."

combine sth with

to join things together. "You can combine exercise with a healthy diet."

complain (to sb) about

to say you are not satisfied with something. "She complained to the waiter about the food."

die from/of

to stop living because of an illness or injury. "He died of cancer."

fight against

to try to stop something bad. "They are fighting against discrimination."

recover from

to get better after an illness or bad experience. "She’s recovering from a broken leg."

smell of

to have a particular smell. "The kitchen smells of garlic."

a cure for

a medicine or treatment that makes an illness go away. "Scientists are looking for a cure for malaria."

a recipe for

a set of instructions for preparing a dish. "She gave me a recipe for apple pie."