(IS ch1) - Information Systems

Information systems

are a set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, store, and disseminate data and information and also provide feedback to meet an objective

data

raw facts

information

collection of facts organised and processed in a way that they value beyond the individual facts

process

set of logically related tasks performed to achieve a defined outcome

processing

converting ideas into useful outputs

Knowledge

awareness and understanding of a set of information and the ways information can be made useful

input

activity of gathering + collecting raw data

output

producing useful information

feedback

information from the system that is used to make changes to input or processing activities

computer based information systems (CBIS)

set of hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures
(Configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information)

Hardware

computer based equipment used to perform input, processing, storage, and output activities

Software

computer programs that govern the operation of the computer
-System software controls basic computer operations
-Application software allows you to accomplish specific tasks

database

organised collection of facts and information, typically consisting of two or more related data files

telecommunications

the electronic transmission of signals for communicating

network

connect computers and equipment to enable electronic communication

intranet

world’s largest computer network consisting of thousands of interconnected networks, all freely exchanging information

web

Network of links on the internet to documents containing text, graphics, video , and sound

extranet

network allows selected outsiders, such as business partners and customers, to access authorised resources of a company’s intranet

procedures

strategies, policies, methods, and rules for using CBIS
(people are the most important element in most computer-based information systems)

Business Info. systems:

designed for electronic and mobile commerce, transaction processing, management info., and decision support
-(Some organisations employ special purpose systems, such as virtual reality, that not every organisation uses)

e-commerce

commercial transactions conducted electronically on the internet

m-commerce

(mobile commerce) the use of mobile, wireless devices to place orders and conduct business

electronic business

(e-business): uses IS and the internet to perform all business related tasks and functions

enterprise systems

transaction processing systems and enterprise resource planning

transaction

any business related exchange, such as payments to employees and sales to customers

Transaction processing system (TPS)

organised collection of people, procedures, software, database, and devices used to perform and record completed business transactions

enterprise resource planning

set of integrated programs that manages the vital business operations for an entire multisite, global organisation

Management info systems (MIS)

organised collection of people, procedures, software, database, and devices that provide routine information to managers and decision makers

functional management IS draw data from the organisation's transactions processing system

Decision Support Systems (DSS)

a computerized program used to support determinations, judgments, and courses of action in an organization or a business

model base

A collection of models used to support a decision maker or user

model management systems

comprises technologies and mechanisms to support the integration, transformation, evolution, and matching of models.