skin test

Adip/o

Fat

Albin/o

White

Caus/o

Burn, burning

Cauter/o

Heat, burn

Cutane/o

Skin

Derm/o

Skin

Diaphor/o

Profuse sweating

Erythemat/o

Redness

Hidr/o

Sweat

Ichthy/o

Dry, scaly

Kerat/o

Hard

Leuk/o

White

Lip/o

Fat

Melan/o

Black

Myc/o

Fungus

Onych/o

Nail

Phyt/o

Plant

Pil/o

Hair

Py/o

Pus

Rhytid/o

Wrinkle

Seb/o

Sebum

Squam/o

Scale-like

Trich/o

Hair

Ungu/o

Nail

Xanth/o

Yellow

Xer/o

Dry

ABCDE

Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, Evolution.

BCC

Basal cell carcinoma.

BX

Biopsy.

DERM

Dermatology.

DLE

Discoid erythematosus.

PPD

Purified protein derivative.

PUVA

Psoralen-ultraviolet.

SCC

Squamous cell carcinoma.

SLE

Systemic lupus erythematosus.

SubQ

Subcutaneous.

Alopecia

Absence of hair from areas where it normally grows.

Alopecia Areata

An autoimmune disease in which hair falls out in patches without scarring or inflammation.

Ecchymosis

Bluish purple mark; bruises on the skin.

Petechiae

Small pinpoint hemorrhage.

Pruritus

Itching.

Acne

Chronic papular and pustular eruption of skin with increased production of sebum.

Acne Vulgaris

Caused by the buildup of sebum and keratin in the pores of the skin.

Blackhead

Also called open comedo, is a partially blocked sebum plug.

Whitehead

Closed comedo; forms if a pore is completely blocked.

Burns

First degree: superficial/ epidermis and redden; Second degree: partial thickness burn with blisters, the burn goes into the dermis; Third degree: thickness burn with epidermis and dermis burned through with the subcutaneous layer affected with charred skin.

Cellulitis

Diffuse, acute infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling.

Exanthematous Viral Disease

Exanthem is an eruption of the skin or rash due to a viral infection.

Gangrene

Death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply.

Eczema

Inflammatory skin disease with erythematous, papulovesicular or papulosquamous lesions.

Impetigo

Contagious pyoderma caused by inflammatory skin disease, usually caused by staphylococci.

Psoriasis

Chronic recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales.

Scabies

Highly contagious, parasite infection of the skin with intense pruritus.

Scleroderma

Chronic progressive disease of the skin and internal organs with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of collagen in the skin, joints, and internal organs.

Tinea

Infection of the skin caused by a fungus.

Tinea unguium

Fungus affecting the nail bed.

Onycholysis

The fungus that causes the nail bed plate to turn yellow or white and move away from the nail bed.

Tinea corporis

Ringworm fungal infection which presents itself as a ring pattern.

Tinea barbae

Affecting the skin under the beard.

Urticaria

Hives; acute allergic reaction in which red, round wheals develop on the skin.

Angioedema

Swelling around the face and lips due to usually an allergic reaction.

Vitiligo

A form of leukoderma where the loss of pigment in the skin.

Callus

Increase growth of cells in the keratin layer of the epidermis caused by pressure or friction.

Keloid

Excessive hypertrophied, thickened scar developing after trauma or surgical incision.

Keratosis

Thickened rough lesion of the epidermis, associated with aging or skin damage.

Actinic keratosis

Precancerous.

Seborrheic keratosis

Benign lesion.

Leukoplakia

White, thickened patches on mucous membrane tissue of the tongue or cheek that can turn cancerous.

Pleural Nevi

Pigmented lesion of the skin, also known as moles.

Dysplastic nevi

Moles with atypical cells that could become cancerous.

Verruca

Epidermal growth (wart) caused by a virus.

Common wart

A type of verruca.

Plantar warts

Occurs on the soles of the feet.

Venereal warts

On the genitals.

Cancerous Lesion

Basal cell carcinoma; malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis, usually on the nose caused by sun exposure.

Kaposi sarcoma

Malignant vascular, neoplastic growth characterized by cutaneous nodules.

Functions of the Skin

Protects against excessive loss of water, salt, heat, and pathogens. Sebum lubricates the surface, while sweat cools the body. Helps maintain body temperature through blood vessel constriction or dilation.

Epidermis

The outermost cellular membrane layer containing keratin.

Dermis

Dense, fibrous connective tissue layer containing collagen.

Subcutaneous

Contains fat cells that protect deeper tissue of the body.

Nail structure

Lunula: half-moon shaped area at the base of the nail; Cuticle: narrow band of epidermis at the nail border; Paronychium: soft tissue surrounding the nail border.

Sebaceous glands

Covers the entire body except for palms, soles, and lips.

Sweat glands

Tiny coiled glands found on the body.

Vesicle

Thin wall sac with fluid.

Nodule

Small lumps.

Crust

Dry serum.