Chapter 4: Thermal Physics
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17 Terms
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**Heat**
thermal energy transmitted from one body to another
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**Temperature**
a measure of an object’s internal thermal energy
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three principal modes by which energy can be transferred
**Conduction**
**Convention**
**Radiation**
**Convention**
**Radiation**
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Ideal Gas Law
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**Thermodynamics**
The study of the energy transfers involving work and heat, and the resulting changes in internal energy, temperature, volume, and pressure.
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**Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics**
states that if Objects 1 and 2 are each in thermal equilibrium with Object 3, then Objects 1 and 2 are in thermal equilibrium with each other
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**First Law of Thermodynamics**
states that energy (in the form of heat) is neither created nor destroyed in any thermodynamic system.
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**Second Law of Thermodynamics**
defines the direction of time
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**Heat Engines**
A device that uses heat to produce useful work
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root-mean-square velocity formula
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**an object can contain thermal energy**
an object doesn’t contain heat; heat is energy in transit
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**Conduction**
Heat conducts from one point to another only if there is a temperature difference between the two objects.
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**Convection**
As the air around a candle flame warms, it expands, becomes less dense than the surrounding cooler air, and thus rises due to buoyancy.
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Absorption of the energy carried by these light waves defines heat transfer by ____________.
**radiation**
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universal gas constant
**constant** ***R*** **= 8.31 J/mol·K**
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**Boltzmann’s constant**
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**Newton’s Second Law**
rate of change of momentum = force
Note 
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