chapter 14: nutritional requirements during growth and development and eating habits affecting oral health

how does growth (weight) in infants change in 4 months?

birth weight doubles

how does growth (weight) in infants change in 1 year?

birth weight triples

how does growth (height) in infants change in 1 year?

increases by 50%

how is the ratio of energy requirement different for infants and adults?

energy requirement is much higher per weight for infants

what is the optimal source of nutrition for infants?

breast milk

when should fluoride be introduced to infants?

6 months

when should vitamin D supplementation start?

by 2 months

by 2 months, what supplementation should be started?

vitamin d

what is the base for most formulas?

nonfat cow’s milk

how often do infants typically eat?

6 times/every 4 hours

when can you introduce textured foods to infants?

4-6 months

what can textured foods promote?

development of oral muscles and speech

when should infants visit the dentist by?

1 year old

when should night time breastfeeding stop?

when teeth start growing

what does ECC stand for?

early childhood caries

what are contributing factors of ECC?

1. infection with s. mutans from care giver

2. frequent/prolonged exposure to food

3. bottles at bedtime of anything other than water

4. habitual use of a no spill cup

what causes a cleft palate or cleft lip?

drugs, heredity, nutrient deficiencies

what are toddlers often deficient in?

iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin D

what is common in cerebral palsy and down syndrome?

bruxism

what vitamins/minerals are important in adolescents?

calcium, vitamin D, and iron