The living World

What is the basic unit of life?

Cell

Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

Mitochondria

What is the process by which plants make their food?

Photosynthesis

Which kingdom do humans belong to?

Animalia

What is an organism's ability to maintain internal stability called?

Homeostasis

What is the term for a group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area?

Population

What is the largest biome on Earth?

Taiga

Which process involves the conversion of glucose into energy?

Cellular respiration

What is the name of the virus that causes AIDS?

HIV

What type of symmetry do starfish exhibit?

Radial symmetry

Which organ is responsible for detoxifying chemicals in the body?

Liver

What is the primary function of the roots of a plant?

Absorption of water and nutrients

What term describes a symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit?

Mutualism

What is the term for genetic diversity within a population?

Genetic variation

Which scientist is known for the theory of evolution?

Charles Darwin

What is the primary source of energy for life on Earth?

Sunlight

What is the process of converting nitrogen gas into a usable form for plants called?

Nitrogen fixation

Which structure in plant cells is responsible for photosynthesis?

Chloroplast

What is the largest organ in the human body?

Skin

What is the term for the change in species over time?

Evolution

Which type of RNA carries the genetic code from DNA to ribosomes?

mRNA

What is the main purpose of petals on a flower?

Attract pollinators

What term describes an organism that cannot produce its own food?

Heterotroph

What is the basic structural and functional unit of an organism?

Cell

What is the term for a group of different species living together in a habitat?

Community

Which organ in the human body is primarily responsible for digestion?

Stomach

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Regulates what enters and leaves the cell

Which process do bacteria primarily use to reproduce?

Binary fission

What part of the plant is responsible for photosynthesis?

Leaves

Which vitamin is produced when skin is exposed to sunlight?

Vitamin D

What is the term for the movement of water through a semi-permeable membrane?

Osmosis

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

Ribosome

What is the scientific study of plants called?

Botany

What do you call a substance that speeds up chemical reactions in living organisms?

Enzyme

Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements?

Cerebellum

What is the term for a fish that can live in both saltwater and freshwater?

Euryhaline fish

What is the process by which bacteria break down organic matter?

Decomposition

What is the term for the external layer of a plant's leaves?

Cuticle

Which process produces ATP in cells?

Cellular respiration

What is the primary function of neurons in the nervous system?

Transmit signals

What structure controls the entrance and exit of substances in a cell?

Cell membrane

What is the term for a group of cells that work together for a specific function?

Tissue

What is the predominant gas in Earth's atmosphere?

Nitrogen

Which type of organism is at the base of the food chain?

Producers

What is the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself?

Replication

What is the function of chlorophyll in plants?

Absorbs light energy for photosynthesis

Which macromolecule is made up of amino acids?

Protein

What type of evolution occurs when two unrelated species evolve similar traits?

Convergent evolution

Which part of a plant absorbs most of the water and nutrients?

Roots

What is the main purpose of a fruit in flowering plants?

Dispersal of seeds

What is the process of gradual change in living organisms over generations called?

Evolution

Which group of organisms is known for having a backbone?

Vertebrates

What is the term for the natural habitat of an organism?

Ecosystem

Which enzyme helps break down starches in the body?

Amylase

What is the main role of white blood cells?

Fight infections

What is the term for when a population exceeds the carrying capacity of its environment?

Overpopulation

Which organ is part of both the digestive and endocrine systems?

Pancreas

What type of bond holds together the base pairs in DNA?

Hydrogen bond

What is the primary function of the xylem in plants?

Transport water and minerals

What term describes the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat?

Biodiversity

Which process do cells use to take in large molecules?

Endocytosis

What is the primary pigment in photosynthesis?

Chlorophyll

What is the term for a non-native species that disrupts the ecosystem?

Invasive species

Which group of living organisms includes fungi and protists?

Eukaryotes

What is the term for an ecosystem that has reached a stable state?

Climax community

What is the function of the stomata on leaves?

Gas exchange

Which part of the cell contains genetic material?

Nucleus

What is the primary role of ATP in cells?

Energy transfer

What is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce?

Natural selection

What is the term for an organism's observable characteristics?

Phenotype

What is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element?

Atom

Which vitamin is important for vision?

Vitamin A

What is the dominant gas in Earth's atmosphere?

Nitrogen

What is the term for different forms of a gene?

Alleles

What structure protects the genetic material in bacterial cells?

Cell wall

Which sea creature is known for its intelligence and ability to use tools?

Octopus

What type of interdependence exists between predator and prey?

Predation

What is the primary role of the respiratory system?

Exchange of gases

What type of symmetry do humans exhibit?

Bilateral symmetry

What is the layer of soil that contains organic material called?

Topsoil

Which type of organism can produce its own food?

Autotroph

What type of relationship exists when one species benefits and the other is unharmed?

Commensalism

What is the basic energy currency of the cell?

ATP

Which part of the brain is responsible for higher cognitive functions?

Cerebrum

What is the term for the process that converts a DNA sequence into a protein?

Translation

In which type of organism would you find chloroplasts?

Plants

What is the molecule that carries genetic information?

DNA

Which process do cells use to release energy?

Cellular respiration

What is an organism that can only survive in extreme environments called?

Extremophile

What is the term for the opposing pairs of muscles in the arm?

Antagonistic muscles

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Amino acids

What is the term for a biosphere that has a primarily wet environment?

Wetland