US HIstory Two Chapter 32

New Left

The campus radical of the 1960’s whose protests against the conservative “Establishments” disrupted many universities and led to numerous riots and confrontations with the law.

Counterculture

The “hippies” movement characterized by long hair, extreme clothing styles, rebellion, drugs, rock music, and sexual permissiveness.

Elvis Presley - 1955

The first rock-n-roll idol.

Native Americans

The politically correct term for “Indians.”

Cesar Chavez

A Mexican-American who succeeded in organizing California’s migrant farm workers into a powerful labor union.

“Melting Pot”

The idea of peoples from all over the world coming to America and developing into one people.

Pluralism

Those who rejected the “melting pot” idea and took pride in retaining their own distinctive radical cultures in America.

Betty Friedan

A leader of the modern women’s liberation movement. Author of the Feminine Mystique. Helped create the National Organization for Women (NOW).

Sandra Day O’Connor

The first female Supreme Court justice. Appointed by President Reagan in 1981.

Sally Ride - 1983

First female astronaut to fly in space.

Equal Right Amendment

A major goal of the feminist movement. Failed to get enough and be ratified within the required time.

Roe vs. Wade - 1973

The Supreme Court removed all restrictions on abortion during the first three months of pregnancy.

Henry Kissinger

Nixon’s special assistant for national security affairs. Secretary of State.

Vietnamization

Nixon announced his policy of training and equipping the South Vietnamese army to take over the fighting and gradually withdraw American forces.

Kent State University

Students were outraged by the invasion of Cambodia. Students burned their ROTC building and rioted in town.

Pentagon Papers

The secretary official story of the war during the Johnson administration was leaked to the press and revealed many contradictions with what the public had been told.

Paris Peace Accords - January 27, 1973

Marked the official ending of American involvement in Vietnam. North Vietnamese refused to withdraw form the south.

Ho Chi Minh City

The communists captured and renamed Saigon in April 1975. Forced the reunification of Vietnam.

Khmer Rouge Cambodia

Cambodian communist forces. Ruled the country from 1975-1978. Wiped out possible one-third of the population.

Nixon’s China Visit

In October 1971, the UN expelled the representatives from Taiwan and recognized the communist delegation as the true representatives of China. Nixon visited China in February in 1972, and made firm friends with its leaders.

Detente

A lessening of tensions between the U.S. and the USSR. A major goal.

SALT

Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty between the U.S. and USSR.

Third World

The developing countries of the world. Located especially in Latin America and Africa.

Yom Kippur War - 1973

Egypt and Syria attacked Israel on its holy day. After recovering from the surprise, Israel was beating Egypt when the U.S. intervened and persuaded Israel to stop and accept a cease-fire.

Warren Burger

Conservative Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. Appointed Nixon in 1969 to replace the ultra-liberal Earl Warren.

George McGovern

Senator from South Dakota. Democratic presidential candidate in 1972. War critic and liberal. Nixon buried him in electoral votes 520-17.

Inflation

A massive increase in prices caused great problems for America in the early 1970’s. Nixon’s efforts to cure the problems with government policies only made things worse.

OPEC

The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, on which America depended for much of its oil. Announced that it would no longer sell oil to nations supporting Israel and raised prices 400%.

Watergate - June 17, 1972

Five men were caught breaking into Democratic National Headquarters in the Watergate building in Washington D.C. Under threat of impeachment, Nixon resigned on August 9, 1974.