Unit Four | America on the World Stage

With reference to the historical arc of the United States in the 19th century, why is the period of imperial expansion at the turn of the 20th century called the “New Manifest Destiny?”

Missions:
The belief that non-Christians were uncivilized and needed to be protected, so they often sent people on missions to Africa and Asia to "fix" them.

Militarism:
By taking over foreign territories with strong militaries they were able to expand and protect those territories.

Social Darwism and Jingoism:
Many U.S. politicians and businesspeople wanted to prove the nation’s military strength and superiority to the rest of the world. Many held an attitude that came to be known as jingoism.

Economic Motives:
U.S. politicians, bankers, manufacturers, and others believed the young nation must expand its markets and its influence. They thought that if the country failed to compete in the international free market, it would lose out to the European powers.

Frontier Thesis:
U.S. politicians, bankers, manufacturers, and others believed the young nation must expand its markets and its influence. They thought that if the country failed to compete in the international free market, it would lose out to the European powers.

It's called that because they adopted previous Manifest Destiny ideals and applied them to the expansion of america across seas.

What is ‘yellow journalism’? How did it contribute to the Spanish-American War?

Yellow Journalism is the idea of sensational news to get people to buy news papers. Exaggerated headlines.

Newspapers reported about incidents in places such as CUba and injustices happening there to get America's attention.

Describe the effects of the explosion of the USS Maine in the context of war with Spain in 1898.*

It was there to stand as protection for Cuba, but once it sunk it was like a "rally cry" for the US to go to war with Spain.

For what reasons is the Spanish-American War and the Treaty of Paris [1898] most associated with imperial expansion of the United States?*

After winning battles against Spain, America usually took over territories with their militaries and gained control of them. This is time when they gain the most territory

Be familiar with the chronological order of imperial expansion from 1865—1920.

Alaska 1867
Midway 1867
Guam June 21, 1898
Hawaii July 7, 1898
Phillipines December 10, 1898
Cuba December 10, 1898.
Puerto Rico December 10, 1898
Samoa 1900
Virgin Islands March 31, 1917

What arguments did Anti-Imperialists make against the imperial expansion of the United States?*

It directly contradicted US morals and views. The US was founded upon the right to be free, so, by taking freedom away from others, it became hypocritical and lost worth.

With reference to the Roosevelt Corollary [to the Monroe Doctrine], what is “big stick” foreign policy?

He said, that the US should be have concerns overseeing America. He was flaunting military power and strength.

What is the Platt Amendment? In what ways did it limit Cuban Independence in 1903?*

The Platt Amendment gave CUba its independence. It would not be controlled by foreign countries except for America's military base there.

What is the Open Door Policy as it relates to China in the period of imperial expansion?

It drives the economic motivation to expand markets in CHina. "All EUropean powers should have equal access to CHina."

In what ways does the US acquisition of the Panama Canal demonstrate “big stick” foreign policy?

They aided in startinga revolution in Panama, who then gave the access to build the canal.

What is Dollar Diplomacy and which president is it most closely associated with?

Dollar DIplomacy was protecting Us interest overaseas economically,. It is associated with William Howard Taft.

What is Moral Diplomacy and which president is it most closely associated with?

Moral diplomacy is he system in which support is given only to countries whose beliefs are analogous to that of the nation. It is associated with Woodrow Wilson.

What does “neutrality” mean in the context of foreign policy and foreign affairs?

The US didn't want to get drawn into war. They looked for a way to avoid war. Isolationism.

In what ways was the United States policy of neutrality limited after the outbreak of the First World War?*

They aided allies economically and supplied resources when they were struggling, tying them to one side of the war.

What factors pulled the United States into the First World War?

Aiding allies, unrestricted summary warfare, the German Telegraph,

Why did presidential power and government grow during the First World War?

THe US had to rapidly grow and increasingly control economy and means of production to assure a massive wsr effort was happening.

What were Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points [generally]? How did they relate to his policy of moral diplomacy?

It was his idealistic dreams to cause World Peace. He addresses many causes of WWI and prposes ways to fux them. Such as militarism, sovreign independence, alliances, League of Nations, etc. It related to his diplomacy because it pushed the idea of working together and friendship. Along with that, the attempt to get foreign countries to align with his views.

For what reasons did the United States Senate reject the Treaty of Versailles?

They believed that it was asking for too much. Many of them were also upset that they had no representation and they also had a very big idea on isolationism. The Senate feared that the adopting the treaty would require the United States to be involved in future foreign conflicts.

What was the main purpose of the Committee on Public Information during the First World War?

The main purpose was to create propaganda and draw up suppport from home. Also to get people to volunteer and fight.

What were the aims of the Espionage and Sedition Acts during the First World War?*

To attempt people from speaking out against war. On top of that, the right for women to vote.

In what ways did American soldiers [Doughboys] contribute to the Allied Victory in the First World War?*

How they were all new and not tired of war compared to everyone else. The number overwhelmed the Germans. Changing the tides of the war which eventually led to the Allied Victory.