IGCSE Physics Formulas
5.0(1)
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50 Terms
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Average speed =
distance/time
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Force =
mass x acceleration
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Acceleration =
Change in velocity / time taken
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Momentum =
Mass x Velocity
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Density =
mass/volume
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Work done
force x distance moved
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Work done =
energy transferred
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Kinetic Energy =
1/2 x mass x (speed)^2
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Gravitational potential energy =
mass x gravitational field strength x height
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Weight =
Mass x gravitational field strength
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Gravitational field strength on earth
Assume its 10N/kg, but actually 9.81N/kg.
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Pressure =
force/area
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moment =
Force x perpendicular distance from pivot
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Charge =
current x time
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Voltage =
current x resistance
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Electrical power =
current x voltage
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Wave speed =
frequency x wavelength
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Input(primary) voltage/ output(secondary) voltage
primary turns / secondary turns
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n =
sin i / sin r
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sin c =
1/n
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Efficiency =
Useful energy output / total energy input x 100
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Pressure difference =
height x density x gravitational field strength
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Input power =
output power
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Force =
Spring constant x extension
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Increasing the voltage means
more current will flow
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Increasing the resistance means
less current will flow
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Current
Current is the rate of flow of charge round a circuit
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Voltage
Voltage is the energy transferred per unit charge passed.
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One volt
is one joule per coulomb
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Energy transferred =
charge x voltage
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Energy transferred =
charge x current x resistance
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Live wire (Brown)
Alternates between a High+VE and -VE voltage of about 230V
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Neutral Wire (Blue)
Neutral wire is always at 0V
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Earth Wire (Green/Yellow)
For safety and work together.
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Energy transferred =
current x voltage x time
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Frequency =
1/time period
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Transverse waves
In Transverse waves the vibrations are perpendicular to the direction the energy is transferred by the wave.
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Longitudinal wave
In longitudinal waves the vibrations are parallel as the waves transfer energy.
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angle of incidence =
angle of reflection
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Principle of conservation of energy
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be transferred or stored
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Conduction
Thermal conduction is the process where vibrating particles transfer energy from their kinetic energy store to the kinetic energy stores of neighbouring particles.
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Convection
Convection occurs when the more energetic particles move from the hotter region to the cooler region and transfer energy as they do.
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specific heat capacity
The energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius
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Energy required
mass x specific heat capacity x change in temperature
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When a force moves an object through a distance...
Energy is transferred and work is done on the object
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Power
Power is the rate at which energy is transferred
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Energy lost from the gravitational potential energy store =
Energy gained in the kinetic energy store
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Absolute zero
0 Kelvin or -273°C
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Kelvin
Temperature in degrees Celsius -273
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The temperature of a gas (in kelvins) is proportional to
the average energy in the kinetic energy stores of the particles.