Church and Sacraments Unit 3: Test

Apostacy

Apostacy

rejection or denial of Christianity/your faith

Communion

Being in relation with

Contemplation

to be at complete peace and to look at God

Council of Trent

1545-1563-defined several key doctrines of the Church.

1. Scripture & Tradition as authoritative sources of faith

2. Importance of good works, aided by grace, for salvation

3. 7 sacraments also true pressence of Christ (transubstantiation) in Eucharist

4. Seminaries & papal authority were reformed

Ecclesiology

the study of the Church

Ecumenism

efforts to build Christian unity through dialogue, prayer, service

Excommunication

to cut someone off from the Church completely. Excluding anyone from sacraments & services of Church.

Filioque

the Holy Spirit "proceeds from the father and the son"

Heresy

conscious & deliberate rejection of a dogma (dogma is an essential belief of the church)

Iconostasis

A wall of icons (used in the Eastern Orthodox Church to separate altar from people)

Indulgence

Church forgiving sins in exchange for money

Patriarch

head of Eastern Orthodox Church (basically Pope of Eastern Church)

Pelagianism

A concept developed by Pelagius saying that God wouldn't ask us to do something that's impossible, and he asks us to be perfect and holy, therefor we don't need God in order to be perfect and holy (we don't need grace), we can do it on our own.

Schism

a major break that causes division

Simony

Church jobs for sale

Secular

non-religious

Transubstantiation

The bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ (Christ is not with but is)

95 Theses

the 95 problems Luther had with the Church at the time. (for ex: indulgences, simony, pope involved more in politics than spiritual leadership)

Marks of the Church (3-5 sentences)

There are four marks of the Church. Throughout history the Church cam into contact with other cultures and traditions and decided it needed a way to tell what is legitimate and how to stay true to the faith. The four marks they came up with are "one, holy, catholic, and apostolic". These are the defining features of the Church. It tells us what they church is like and how it evolves as a living tradition.

Reasons for the East/West split in 1040 (3-5 sentences)

The Church split for a number of reasons. The first being years of wear and tear between the two regions. There were a lot of disagreements at the time between the two. The first and most prominent was filioque. The West believed the Holy Spirit proceeded from the Father and the Son. The East believed the Holy Spirit only proceeded from the Father. The second big disagreement was more of conflict between the Pope's (of the Western church) universal authority and the Patriarch's (of the Eastern church) regional authority. In the end it came down to miscommunication and immature action with the advisors sent by the Pope and the Patriarch and his advisors, the two groups could not come to an agreement on the topics previously mentioned and thus excommunicated each other.

Reasons Catholic/Protestant split in 1517 (3-5 sentences)

The reasons behind the split between the Catholic and Protestant church have a lot to do with what the Catholic church was like at the time. It was corrupt to say the least. The Pope was more focused on politics than teaching the faith, priests were un-educated and ill-equipped for ministry, the Church was partaking in simony (selling Church jobs) and indulgences (forgiving people of sins in return for money). For these reasons and many more Luther posted his 95 Theses on a church door about how wrong the Church was. He was originally out just to reform the Church, but when the Church rejected this reformation, he created his own Church.

Unity vs. Uniformity (3-5 Sentences)

Unity and Uniformity and different concepts that are often squished together. While there can be uniformity in unity and there can be unity in uniformity, they are different and should be treated as such. Uniformity is everyone looking, acting, or being the same/similar. An example of this is everyone wearing the same uniform at a private school, or everyone praying at the beginning of the school day. Unity says its okay to look and act different as long as we believe the same things and are in communion with one another. Unity focusses more on relationship and general belief than the nit picky details of wether or not you're in uniform. An good example of this is being in union with Christ. This means having a relationship with Christ, being obedient to Christ, and believing in Christ. Or being in union with the Church. The people of the Church surely do not look and act the same do to cultural differences, but they build relationships with one another and believe the same things.

Characteristics of 3 "denominations" of Christianity (similarities and differences) [3-5 sentences]

Lutherans, Catholics, Eastern Orthodox are all denominations of Christianity. The Lutherans believe in three key things: sola scriptura- the Bible alone is a source of faith, sola gratia- salvation comes through grace alone, and sola fides- Justification occurs through faith alone. The Catholic church believes both faith and tradition are a source of faith, salvation comes from God but human beings have to cooperate with God's grace, and Justification is received from faith in Christ and faithfully living out his call. The Eastern Orthodox believes that the Holy Spirit proceeds from just the Father where the Catholic church believes it proceeds from the Father and the Son. The Eastern Church also does baptism, eucharist, confirmation all at the same time. Similarities: they all believe Jesus is the savior, they all do infant and adult baptisms, they all believe in the trinity.