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Renaissance
A period from 1350-1650 marked by the Age of Enlightenment and the end of the Ancient Era, during which pharmacy was separated from medicine.
Bubonic Plague
Also known as the Black Death, it caused the death of ⅓ of the world’s population and triggered significant religious, social, and economic upheavals in Europe.
Paracelsus
Known as the "Luther of Medicine" and the "Father of Modern Toxicology," he claimed that "All things are poison," influencing modern pharmaceutical sciences.
Andreas Vesalius
Recognized as the "Founder of Modern Human Anatomy" and author of "De Humani Corporis fabrica."
Valerius Cordus
A German physician and botanist who authored the "Dispensatorium," considered the first official pharmacopoeia.
Guild System
An association of individuals in the same trade, influencing pharmacy practices in Italy, France, Germany, and England.
Italy
Home to the first botanical garden and the first pharmacopoeia in Europe, "Nuovo Ricettario Fiorentino," and the establishment of academic pharmacognosy.
France
Notable for discoveries in chemistry and pharmacy, including iodine and bromine by Bernard Courtois, and the study of alkaloids by Pelletier and Caventou.
Germany
Pharmacy was government-regulated, leading to significant discoveries like morphine by Friedrich Serturner and the introduction of chemotherapy by Paul Ehrlich.
England
Apothecaries struggled to separate from grocers; notable figures include Nicholas Culpeper and Edward Jenner, who discovered the smallpox vaccine.
United States of America
The first licensed pharmacist was Jean Peyroux; significant milestones include the establishment of the first pharmacy school and the American Pharmacy Association.
Philippines
The pre-historic period included mythical, superstitious, and empiric beliefs about healing, with early herbalists known as herbolarios.
Spanish to Modern Period
The trade of herbs began during the Spanish Era, leading to the establishment of Botica Boie and the development of pharmacy education in the Philippines.
