Tudors, Stuarts, Civil war and the Glorious Revolution

Oliver Cromwell

English military, political, and religious figure who led the Roundhead victory in the English Civil War and called for the execution of Charles I.

Divine Right

Belief that a rulers authority comes directly from god.

Lady Jane Gray

Known as the Nine Days Queen and was executed for high treason.

James I

First Stuart monarch who ignored constitutional principles and asserted the divine right of kings.

Parliament

Britain's law making assembly.

Roundheads

supporters of the Parliament in the English Civil War.

Charles I

Son of King James; Charles also believed in the divine right of Kings. Ignored parliament and caused the English Civil War, Oliver Cromwell executed him.

James II

a Stuart king who greatly angered Parliament nobles and whose actions led to the * Glorious Revolution* and fled to France.

Cavaliers

a supporter of King Charles I in the English Civil War.

Charles II

Stuart king during the Restoration, following Cromwell's death.

Henry VIII

The fat English king who created the Church of England after the Pope refused to annul his marriage (divorce with Church approval), who later on had 6 wives.

Elizabeth Tudor

Imprisoned Sister of Mary Tudor. She became queen and killed Catholics. Defeats the Spanish armada and dies without any heirs, becoming the last Tudor monarch.

English Civil War

a civil war in England between the Cavaliers and the Roundheads under Charles I.

Protestant reformation

A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches.

Act of Supremacy

Declared the king (Henry VIII) the supreme head of the Church of England in 1534.

Tudors (year association)

1500

Stuarts (year association)

1600

Protestant reformation

A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches

Henry VII

first Tudor king of England from 1485 to 1509

Henry VIII

The fat English king who created the Church of England after the Pope refused to annul his marriage (divorce with Church approval), who later on had 6 wives

Act of Supremacy

Declared the king (Henry VIII) the supreme head of the Church of England in 1534

Lady Jane Gray

Known as the Nine Days Queen and was executed for high treason

Mary Tudor (Bloody Mary)

Took the English throne in 1553. She was the oldest daughter of Henry VIII, part of the Tudor family, and a devoted Catholic. Married to Philip II of Spain. Helped lead Counter-Reformation against Protestantism. Her goal was to return Britain to the Catholic Church. Nicknamed Bloody Mary because of the 300 Protestants she killed during her reign. Died with no heirs to the throne.

James I

First Stuart monarch who ignored constitutional principles and asserted the divine right of kings

Oliver Cromwell

English military, political, and religious figure who led the Roundhead victory in the English Civil War and called for the execution of Charles I

The Restoration

the period of Charles II's rule over England, after the collapse of Oliver Cromwell's government (make England fun again)

Charles II

Stuart king during the Restoration, following Cromwell's death

James II

a Stuart king who greatly angered Parliament nobles and whose actions led to the *Glorious Revolution* and fled to France

Petition of Right

1628

English Bill of Rights

King William and Queen Mary accepted this document in 1689

Divine Right

Belief that a rulers authority comes directly from god

Absolutists

believing in a person's rule as completely and exclusively true (like a dictatorship)

Parliament

Britain's law making assembly

Guy Fawks

the weird british holiday guy

1689

When was the English Bill of Rights signed

1628

When was the Petition of Right signed