bio taxonomy/theory of evolution

Taxonomy

Science of classifying organisms

Linnean Classification System

based on similarities in obvious physical traits, Consists of a hierarchy of groupings, called taxa

Carolus Linnaeus

Creator of the Linnean Classification System - “father of taxonomy”

Order of Taxon

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Domain

Not considered a Taxon, but is a higher level of organization than kingdom (Eukarya, Archaea, Bacteria)

Human taxon Order

Animals→Chordate→Mammal→Primate→Hominid→Homo→Sapien

What two taxon make up the scientific name?

Genus/Species

Phylogeny

Evolutionary history of a group of related organisms

Phylogenetic Classification

A way of classifying through phylogeny - shown through a phylogenetic tree

Phylogenetic Tree

Shows how species are related through common ancestors

Clade

a group of organisms that includes an ancestor and all its descendants - represented by cladograms

Anaximander

600 BC-- “man shed fish skin when he went up to dry land”

Aristotle

400 BC-- “All nature has a holy purpose = constant development of better life”

Georges-Louis Leclerc

1700 AD-- “Changes in plants/animals=caused by environment”

Erasmus Darwin

“A swift horse when bred with another swift horse = a swift horse :/”

Georges Currier

“As a species dies out, new ones are specially created’

Lamarck’s Postulates

1. An organism recognizes need for change

2. An organism will react to this recognition

3. Organisms develop traits based on use/disuse of organs

4. Pass these traits to offspring

Influences on Charles Darwin

1. Principals of Geology (book a/b Earth’s crust)

2. Essay on population - it increases more with more food

3. Lord Alfred Wallace - created the same theory at the same time as Darwin