07: PAINTS_BT1

PAINT

mixture of solid pigment suspended in a liquid vehicle

HOW IS PAINT MADE

pigment+vehicle=paint

KINDS OF VEHICLES

• Binder

• Solvent

• Thinner

• Mineral Spirits

• Terpentine

BINDER

bonds particles of pigment into a cohesive film during the drying process

SOLVENT

evaporates during drying process

THINNER

• used to dilute paint or varnish to the desired or proper consistency for ease in application

• cleaning, removing paint stains

MINERAL SPIRITS

• volatile distillation of petroleum used as a solvent and thinner for paints and varnishes

• petroleum

TURPENTINE

• colorless, volatile oil obtained by distilling oleoresin

• used with oil-based paints

TYPES OF PAINT

• oil paint

• latex paint

• alkyd paint

• epoxy paint

OIL PAINT

• the vehicle is drying oil

• ships and bridges

DRYING OIL

a tough elastic film when exposed in a thin layer to air

ALKYD PAINT

• vehicle is an alkyd resin

ALKYD RESIN

a group of synthetic resins derived from a polyvalent alcohol

ALKYD ENAMEL

surface coating of bridges and steel structures

EPOXY PAINT

• binder for increased resistance to abrasion, corrosion, and chemicals

EPOXY COATINGS

used to over concrete floors (hospital)

LATEX PAINT

• paint having latex binder that coalesces as water evaporates from the emulsions

• used on walls and ceilings

LATEX

water emulsion of synthetic rubber or plastic globules

STAIN

solution of dye or suspension of pigment

DYE

soluble coloring material that impart color by absorption

STAINS

• Penetrating Stain

• Water Stain

• Spirit Stain

• Pigmented Stain

• Penetrating stain

• Oil Stain

PENETRATING STAIN

leaving a very thin film on the surface

WATER STAIN

made by dissolving dye in a water vehicle

SPIRIT STAIN

dissolving dye in an alcohol or spirit vehicle

Pigmented Stain

• capable of obscuring the grain and texture o wood

• opaque stain

Oil Stain

dissolving dye or suspending pigment in a drying oil or oil varnish vehicle

Varnish

• consist of resin dissolved in an oil or in alcohol

• provide protective coating

MATERIALS USED IN VARNISH

• Copal

• Spar varnish

• Polyurethane varnish

COPAL

• a hard lustrous resin obtained from various tropical trees

• colorless, transparent to a bright yellowish brown

SPAR VARNISH

• durable, weather-resistant varnish

• developed for coating the spars of sailing ships

POLYURETHANE VARNISH

• exceptionally hard, abrasion-resistant and chemically resistant varnish

• protection for interior and exterior floors

SHELLAC

• purified lac flakes in denatures alcohol

• gloss finish

• French polishing

LACQUER

• clear or colored synthetic coatings consisting of nitrocellulose

• Chinese and Japanese lacquer

GLOSS

degree of surface luster a dried paint film

PAINT FINISHES

1. High Gloss

2. Semi-gloss

3. Flat

4. Enamel

5. Egg Shell

ENAMEL

drying to a very smooth, hard, usually glossy finish

EGG SHELL

having little or no gloss, midway between semigloss and flat

PAIN PROPERTIES

• Colorfast

• Actinic Ray

• Coverage

• Hiding power

COLORFAST

ability to not fade or discolor

ACTINIC RAY

• resistance

• chalking, yellowing, disintegration

COVERAGE

area over which a gallon of paint may be spread at a given thickness

HIDING POWER

ability of a paint film to conceal any marks

ANTICOROSIVE PAINT

• primer, rust-inhibiting pigments that prevent or reduce corrosion of metal

• rust-inhibiting paint

FIRE-RETARDANT PAINT

• reduce the flame-spread of a combustible material

• most coatings are intumescent paints

HEAT RESISTANT

withstand high temperatures