Unit 1: The Early English Colonies, Regions, and War

Self-Government

a form government where colonists create the laws under a majority rule of the male voters; found in New England

Indentured Servants

laborers who worked to pay for passage to the colonies; found in Jamestown

The House of Burgesses

the first representative assembly in the American colonies; created in Jamestown

Bacon's Rebellion

a revolt in Jamestown against the wealthy and high taxes, felt the governor showed favoritism toward the rich plantation owners

The Mayflower Compact

an agreement signed by all Pilgrims in Plymouth to obey laws "for the good of the colony"

Pilgrims

separatist group looking to escape religious persecution; found in Plymouth

Puritans

a group that wanted to purify the Church of England; found in Massachusetts Bay

New England Way

the beliefs practiced by the Puritans, where the society emphasized duty, godliness, hard work, and honesty

Subsistence Farming

farming just enough food for a person and their family

Navigation Acts

a series of laws from England to ensure the country made money from the colonies' trade

Patroon

a person who brought 50 settlers to New Netherland

Proprietary Colony

a colony with a single owner (e.g. New York, Pennsylvania)

Royal Colony

a colony ruled by a governor appointed by a king (e.g. Carolinas, Virginia)

New England Economy

Ship building, Whaling, Fishing, Timber

Middle Colonies Economy

Fertile soil to grow crops like wheat, barley, an rye; artisans and specialty goods

Southern Colonies Economy

Depended on plantations(large farms) producing large amounts of cash crops, especially rice, indigo and tobacco.

New England Religion

Puritans & forced attendance of church

Middle Colonies Religion

Freedom of Religion

Southern Colonies Religion

Church of England; Anglican

Southern Colonies Government

Royal colonies controlled by the King

Middle Colonies Government

Proprietary colonies controlled by an owner

New England Government

Self-government; operated independently from England

Backcountry

A colonial region that ran along the Appalachian Mountains through the far western part of the New England, Middle, and Southern colonies. Primarily self-sufficient and operated by using the Clan System.

Roanoke

Established in 1587. Called the Lost Colony. It was financed by Sir Walter Raleigh, and its leader in the New World was John White. All the settlers disappeared, and historians still don't know what became of them.

Jamestown

The first permanent English settlement in North America; had the starving time; tobacco saved the colony

Plymouth

Colony settled by the Pilgrims. Created self-government. It eventually merged with Massachusetts Bay colony.

Treaty of Paris 1763

Ended French and Indian War, France lost Canada, land east of the Mississippi, to British, New Orleans and west of Mississippi to Spain

Pontiac's Rebellion

An Indian uprising after the French and Indian War, led by an Ottowa chief named Pontiac. They opposed British expansion into the western Ohio Valley and began destroying British forts in the area. The attacks ended when Pontiac was killed.

The Proclamation of 1763

law forbidding English colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains

Join, or Die.

slogan and propaganda created by Benjamin Franklin to help unite the British colonies against the French in the French and Indian War

Massachusetts Bay Colony

a significant early English settlement established by Puritans in 1628, known for its strict religious values and strong communal governance. Did not have a starving time!